Reminders Vocabulary Quiz October 9th Prezi Due 9th Greece Quiz 10th Unit 2 Part 1 Test Oct-17 End of Quarter 1: October 27th

Social Classes Class system with leaders belonging to wealthy families Athens Sparta Class system with leaders belonging to wealthy families Slaves existed Lower classed provided the labor for the nobles’ higher life style. Slavery existed— Sparta had more slaves than any other city-state Most farm workers were slaves

Political Life Athens Sparta Direct Democracy Democratic system– all citizens could take part and vote, hold office, own property, and defend themselves in court Enjoyed freedom of speech and assembly Authoritarian form of government– nobles used force to compel lower classes to obey (similar to an oligarchy) Government had complete control over people’s lives

Military Not as important or as much an emphasis as in Sparta Athens Sparta Not as important or as much an emphasis as in Sparta Very Important- had strongest army in Greece Boys trained to be soldiers and girls trained to be strong mothers to provide strong children

Religion Polytheism- belief in many gods Ruler of Gods is Zeus Athens Sparta Polytheism- belief in many gods Ruler of Gods is Zeus Honoring the gods and goddesses was very important Same in all city-states Polytheism Ruler is Zeus Honoring the gods and goddesses was very important

Industry and Trade Athens Sparta Traded metalworking, pottery and textiles for things lacking or wanting, including foreign grain Very limited trade– kept mostly as an isolated city-state. The lack of trade kept many of the people poor farmers

Sports Athens Sparta Honored gods and goddesses by training mind and body Held sports competitions, most famous was Olympic games Girls did not practice sports Honored gods and goddesses by training mind and body Held sports competitions, most famous was Olympic games Girls participated in some sports in order to be strong as mothers

Family Life Athens Sparta Girls stayed at home and helped mothers and boys helped fathers with jobs Boys and girls living on farms helped with the harvest Boys had more educational opportunities than girls Boys learned reading and writing, but emphasis on becoming a good soldier Girls had little schooling

Review Why did hunters and gathers settle down? What did settling down cause the creation of? What were the effects of Civilizations? What are some of the lasting contributions of Greece? Name some of the battles that we have seen so far. Who won the Persian War? If Greece did not win the Persian War, do you think we would have still had all these contributions? Which one effected us the most?

Outcome: The Athenian Golden Age Classical Greece Outcome: The Athenian Golden Age

The Athenian Golden Age Setting the Stage The Greek Civilization was a collection of city-states Athens and Sparta were two of the most powerful cities for different reasons

Athens Today

Ancient Athens

Ancient Athens

The Athenian Golden Age Athens From 477 to 431 B.C., Athens experienced a growth in intellectual and artistic learning. This was known as the Golden Age of Athens. Pericles: held power in Athens for 32 years Goals: Strengthen Athenian Democracy To hold and strengthen the empire Glorify Athens- Architecture: The Parthenon on the Athenian Acropolis Direct Democracy was introduced under Pericles Head of Delian League, an alliance system created after the defeat of the Persians

Athenian Acropolis

The Parthenon

Sparta

The Athenian Golden Age Sparta Sparta was a military city-state Sparta had a better army than Athens; Athens had the better navy Weren’t Builders Due to its inland location, Sparta could not be attacked by sea Many men in Sparta were soldiers for life

The Athenian Golden Age Peloponnesian War: Athens vs. Sparta As Athens grew, city-states viewed it with hostility Sparta declared war in 431 B.C. Sparta marched to Athens and burned food supply Plague hits Athens in 2nd year of the war- 1/3rd die including Pericles 421 B.C. a truce is signed but doesn’t last long In 413 B.C Athens’ navy is decimated at Syracuse (Spartan ally) Athens survives for 9 more years but surrenders to Sparta in 404 B.C.

Peloponnesian War

The Athenian Golden Age Philosophers After the Peloponnesian War, many Athenians lost confidence in democracy Great thinkers known as philosophers began to seek truth Philosophers (lovers of wisdom) had two assumptions The universe is put together in an orderly way, and subject to absolute and unchanging laws People can understand these laws through logic and reason

The Athenian Golden Age Important philosophers Socrates “The unexamined life is not worth living” In 399 B.C. brought to trial for “corrupting the youth of Athens” Jury condemned him to die: drank hemlock (poison)

The Athenian Golden Age Plato Student of Socrates Wrote “The Republic” –perfectly governed society Pupil- Aristotle

The Athenian Golden Age Aristotle Questioned the nature of the world Invented method of arguing according to rules of logic His work provides basis of the scientific method today Pupil- Alexander the Great