Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries Mechanisms, Signs & Symptoms and Treatment of Strains, Sprains and Contusions

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries - Introduction What is a strain? What is a sprain? Do you know the difference between the two? What is a contusion?

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries - Objectives Students will be able to: Identify the signs & symptoms of injuries to the hip, thigh & pelvis Identify the mechanism of injury for hip, thigh & pelvis injuries Identify the proper treatment for hip, thigh & pelvis injuries

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries - Terminology Strain- A stretching or tearing of a muscle or tendon. Results in a 1st, 2nd, or 3rd degree injury. An injury to a muscle or tendon.

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries - Terminology Sprain- A stretching or tearing of the joint capsule or ligament. Results in a 1st, 2nd or 3rd degree injury. An injury to ligament.

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries - Terminology Muscle contusion- an injury caused by an impact to the muscle which results in discoloration due to a disruption of circulation in the area

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries - Terminology Sign- observable evidence of an injury

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries - Terminology Symptom- what the athlete tells you they feel

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries - Terminology Mechanism- a description of how the injury occurred

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Terminology Fracture- An injury to a bone in which the tissue is broken or disrupted. A break in a bone.

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Terminology Dislocation- A complete disunion of the bones in a joint Subluxation- A partial disunion of the bones in a joint

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Terminology Bursitis- Irritation and inflammation of a bursa

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Terminology Myositis Ossificans - A very painful condition in which an ossifying mass (calcium deposit) forms within the muscle. Resulting from trauma to the quadriceps muscle that was not properly protected after an initial injury.

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries Quad Contusions Mechanism A direct blow to your quad which causes the blood vessels to burst which forms a hematoma

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries Quad Contusion Signs & Symptoms Tenderness, swelling, limping Some loss of Range of Motion (ROM)

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries Quad Contusion Treatment RICE- Rest Ice Compression Elevation Possible use of crutches Place affected leg on stretch Additional padding when returning to play

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries Iliac Crest Contusion (Hip Pointer) Mechanism Direct trauma to the iliac crest

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries Iliac Crest Contusion (Hip Pointer) Signs and Symptoms Extreme tenderness, swelling, ecchymosis, limping

Hip, Thigh, & Pelvis Injuries Iliac Crest Contusion (Hip Pointer) Treatment Ice, compression Additional padding when returning to play

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries Adductor (Groin) Strain Mechanism Too much stress Forceful contraction Over stretching Due to sudden sideways changes in direction

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries Adductor Strain S & S Pain/ Tenderness in the adductor Pain on hip adduction Popping/ snapping during injury

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries Adductor Strain Treatment (TX) Ice Compress thigh Anti-inflammatory meds Stretching & strengthening exercises

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries Hamstring Strain Mechanism: Not warming up properly Incomplete rehab Inappropriate training Lack of flexibility

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries Hamstring Strain S & S Sudden severe pain during exercise Snapping or popping Pain in back of thigh & lower buttock when walking Bruising, swelling & decreased strength

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries Hamstring Strain Treatment (TX) RICE Some stretching and strength Compression wrap when return-to-play

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries Quad Strain Mechanism Stretching quadriceps beyond normal ROM Sudden forceful stress from jumping, kicking, sprinting

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries Quad Strains S & S Possible bruising Pain Decreased ROM & Strength Limping

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries Quad Strains Treatment (TX) RICE Compression wrap when return-to-play Strengthening & stretching

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries Hip Flexor Strain Mechanism Sudden forceful stress from jumping, kicking, sprinting Tight muscles & poor flexibility

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries Hip Flexor S & S Pain Swelling Loss of function Decreased ROM & strength Pain increased with flexion

Hip, Thigh & Pelvis Injuries Hip Flexor Treatment (TX) RICE After couple of rest days start gentle stretching Compression wrap when return-to-play

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Femur Fracture Mechanism Foot is usually planted and a severe blow impacts the femur.

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Femur Fracture S&S Significant pain The hip is externally rotated Shortening of the limb may be evident Possible soft tissue damage Loss of function

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Femur Fracture TX Athlete must be immediately mobilized and transported by ambulance for medical care Refer to doctor Athlete is put in a brace for a minimum of 4 months

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Hip Fracture Mechanism Fall from a height Or by someone elderly Vehicle accident High energy impact

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Hip Fracture S&S Severe pain Inability to bare weight Shortening of the limb may be evident The hip is externally rotated

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Hip Fracture TX Immobilization Transported by ambulance for medical care Usually requires surgery

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Hip Dislocation Mechanism High energy impact Limb is usually planted then hit Falling from a height

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Hip Dislocation S&S Severe pain Inability to move Hip is internally rotated

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Hip Dislocation TX Transported by ambulance for medical care Reduced by MD

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Bursitis Mechanism Repetitive motions New exercise Working Possibly acute due to impact

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Bursitis S&S Pain Point tenderness over lateral hip Increased pain on hip motion Structural tests all negative

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Bursitis TX RICE Limiting activity or resting Anti-imflamitory drugs (NSAIDs)

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Myositis Ossificans Mechanism Deep quad contusion **Not properly healed

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Myositis Ossificans S&S Hard painful mass Swelling Tenderness Loss of function Restricted ROM

Hip, Thigh, and Pelvis Injuries Myositis Ossificans TX RICE Crutches Limit ROM Do NOT exercise or stretch - may cause more bleeding Calcium mass usually reabsorbed (3-6 months) Surgery