What makes a Design Good? What constitutes a great design? Functional and appealing designs do not happen by mistake. Unit 3

Function Appeal Design Principles Designs need to be functional and appealing. Great designs meet the needs of the client and must function for its intended use. Designs are made up of individual elements grouped together. Designers use principles to organize the elements of design to make a design that is pleasing to the eye.

Design Elements Space Line Form Texture Color The basic elements are space, line, form, texture and color. Most designs include all of these elements.

Space Size Arrangement Large Small Full Empty back Space can be defined as the area or room sufficient for or allotted to something. Spaces can be small or large, full or empty. The use of space plays an important part of a design. back

Line Create Effects Convey Feelings Separate Unify Horizontal = rest Vertical = action Lines can be straight or curved and they create effect. They can be used to unify or separate. Horizontal lines convey a feeling of rest and vertical lines convey action. Curved lines provide softness and a graceful feeling. back

Form Create effects 2d and 3d Furniture and rugs back Forms can be two dimensional or three dimensional. Forms are typically created to satisfy function. back

Texture Surface Smooth rough back Texture adds dimension to color. Rough surfaces creates a feeling of strength and a smooth surface creates a feeling of luxury. Smooth surfaces reflect light and make colors seem brighter. back

Color Most significant tool Color is the most dramatic of the elements. It is described by hue, value and intensity. Hue is what you think of as color. Value is darkening or lightening a hue. Black and white are added to colors to create different values. Intensity is the brightness of a color.

Principles of Design Order Unity Proportion Balance Rhythm Have you ever wondered what makes things pleasing to the eye? These principles of design are used to make things appealing. Good design includes order, unity, proportion, balance and rhythm.

Order Parallel lines Neat arrangement Plain areas Simple shapes Empty areas Order is created by using parallel lines, neat arrangement of elements, plain areas, simple shapes and empty space. back

Unity Details subordinate to main feature Harmonious One or two dominate colors Unity is created in a design when the details are subordinate to the main feature. All element of the design should be harmonious or go together. Unity is created if only one or two colors dominate in the design. back

Proportion Scale of elements similar to scale of area back Proportion should be created in a design by having similar scale of objects and the objects in relationship to the space that contains them. back

Balance Patterns distributed evenly back Pleasing designs should have a sense of balance. back

Rhythm Repeated forms Repetition of color in varied sizes Transition of curving lines Rhythm is created by repeating forms and colors and using transition lines and curves.

Function Analyze the function or purpose of the object being designed. Investigate the parameters for function, size, cost, conditions of use and materials. Create alternate solutions. The purpose of the design must be considered in order to create a solution that works. Things should be considered like purpose, size, cost, special conditions of use and the materials available. Always consider more that one solution if possible.

Sketches Create rough sketches Designs usually start with a rough sketch illustrating the basic elements and principles.

Drawings From sketch create a scaled drawing. Scaled drawings are then created to show more detail and precision of the elements in relationship to one another.

Manufacture From a drawing the design is built. The manufacturing process goes much smoother when adequate information is given.