BUILDING ENERGY PERFORMANCE SIMULATIONS OF THE RESIDENTIAL HOUSES IN MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE: CASE STUDY FOR BODRUM, TURKEY ARDA KARASU Technische Universität Berlin Fakultät VI Planen Bauen Umwelt CLAUS STEFFAN Institut für Architektur Fachgebiet Gebäudetechnik und Entwerfen

Mediterranean climate: - hot/dry summer - mild/wet winter Fachgebiet Gebäudetechnik und Entwerfen GtE Dr. Arda Karasu, Prof. Claus Steffan BUILDING ENERGY PERFORMANCE SIMULATIONS OF THE RESIDENTIAL HOUSES IN MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE BODRUM POPULATION : 80-100T Winter 1.5M Summer AREA : 550 Km2 BUILDING DENSITY : 170T 90% Residential +5.000/year Mediterranean climate: - hot/dry summer - mild/wet winter

compact geometrical form two story small WWR no basement white facade Fachgebiet Gebäudetechnik und Entwerfen GtE Dr. Arda Karasu, Prof. Claus Steffan BUILDING ENERGY PERFORMANCE SIMULATIONS OF THE RESIDENTIAL HOUSES IN MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE ARCHITECTURE compact geometrical form two story small WWR no basement white facade no heating system cooling via air-conditioner

Energetic analysis - simulations Fachgebiet Gebäudetechnik und Entwerfen GtE Dr. Arda Karasu, Prof. Claus Steffan BUILDING ENERGY PERFORMANCE SIMULATIONS OF THE RESIDENTIAL HOUSES IN MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE Energetic analysis - simulations Passive Actual Actual Optimized Optimized Passive and Active Measures Prototype Prototype Zero Energy Zero Energy Planned Planned Optimized Optimized Active Economic analysis

Yearly building energy performance Weather data: Fachgebiet Gebäudetechnik und Entwerfen GtE Dr. Arda Karasu, Prof. Claus Steffan BUILDING ENERGY PERFORMANCE SIMULATIONS OF THE RESIDENTIAL HOUSES IN MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE DESIGNBUILDER Cooling calculations Heating calc. Yearly building energy performance Weather data: DOE: US Dep. Of Energy Turkish State Meteorological Service SIMULATION CRITERIA openings U, SHGC, Vt, layers, infill gas, coating, placement, frame material, WWR thermal insulation External wall, roof, subfloor: Placement, type, thickness shading Window, local, roof form-mass orientation basement

LowE, Argon fill, painted wooden frame Cooling energy requirement Fachgebiet Gebäudetechnik und Entwerfen GtE Dr. Arda Karasu, Prof. Claus Steffan BUILDING ENERGY PERFORMANCE SIMULATIONS OF THE RESIDENTIAL HOUSES IN MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE OPENINGS WWR: S 30% W 10% N 5% E 10% LowE, Argon fill, painted wooden frame Cooling energy requirement 6.9 – 33.6 % Heating energy requirement 4.7 – 8.1 % THERMAL INSULATION cool heat External wall 1.8 - 21 % 16.1 – 43.3 % roof 9.5 - 27 % 8 – 19.8 % subfloor - Whole building 29.7 % 68.4 % SHADING cool roof 1– 25.3 % Window+local 13.4 – 38.6 % Vegetation 1 %

ARCHITECTURE SAVES 50% ENERGY Fachgebiet Gebäudetechnik und Entwerfen GtE Dr. Arda Karasu, Prof. Claus Steffan BUILDING ENERGY PERFORMANCE SIMULATIONS OF THE RESIDENTIAL HOUSES IN MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE FORM-MASS cooing load kW heating load kW 10*10 15.06 30.16 7*14 14.5 29.7 ORIENTATION cool heat Energetically optimized 5-7 % 0-3 % Best-case 20-32% 4-5 % ARCHITECTURE SAVES 50% ENERGY

Fachgebiet Gebäudetechnik und Entwerfen GtE Dr. Arda Karasu, Prof. Claus Steffan BUILDING ENERGY PERFORMANCE SIMULATIONS OF THE RESIDENTIAL HOUSES IN MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE FORM ERDG. 1.OG DIMENSION m2-m3 Total floor area 114.7*3 Conditioned area 99.7*2 Conditioned volume 279.16 Roof area 99.7 Window ares E-S-W-N 1.5/16.8/1.5/3.6 bed Bath Bath bed bed Lounge BUILDING ENVELOPE W/m2K Window Ug 0.78 SHGC 0.47 External wall Uw 0.20 Roof Ur 0.33 Air thightness ac/h 0.6 ENERGY DEMAND kWh/m2a heating 13.11 cooling 11.32 DHW 0.20 ENVIRONMENT kg/m2a CO2 22.11

Optimization of actual condition Fachgebiet Gebäudetechnik und Entwerfen GtE Dr. Arda Karasu, Prof. Claus Steffan BUILDING ENERGY PERFORMANCE SIMULATIONS OF THE RESIDENTIAL HOUSES IN MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE 118.18 / 42.72 182.3 ARCHITECTURE + ENERGY EFFICIENCY COMBINATION OF PASSIVE MEASURES BETTER ARCHITECTURE BETTER CONSTRUCTION QUALITY SHADING Passive Optimization of actual condition 54.3 / 24 79.1 PROTOTYPE Optimized Best-Case 35.3 / 15.24 13.11 / 11.32 29.4 22.1 BE SIM ! Building Energy Simulation ACTIVE 0 / 0 / 0 Cool. /Heat. kWh/m2a CO2 Emission kg/m2a