Cellular Respiration

Cellular Respiration Overall word equation: Overall chemical equation: end product waste products reactants glucose + oxygen carbon dioxide + water + energy released into air exhaled Overall chemical equation: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + 36 ATP energy used for life functions movement (heart & lungs) nerve & brain activity synthesis & repair of body parts

Where does cellular respiration occur? Cellular respiration can occur in two places: in the cytoplasm (when no oxygen is present), doesn’t create much energy in the mitochondrion (when oxygen is present), much more efficient in creating energy

LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION (anaerobic) Overall word equation: 2 ATP glucose lactic acid + 5% of available energy in glucose not very efficient used by: animal muscle cells: lactic acid build up in muscles causes muscle fatigue under conditions of strenuous activity when muscles can’t get enough O2 when O2 present lactic acid sent to mitochondria for aerobic cellular respiration lactic acid bacteria: used to make yogurt & other dairy products lactic acid gives sour taste

ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION (anaerobic) Overall word equation: + 2 ATP glucose alcohol carbon dioxide + 5% of available energy in glucose not very efficient used by: yeast cells: under anaerobic conditions yeast break down glucose to alcohol & CO2 commercial uses beer & wine bio-fuel make bread rise

lots of chemical energy ADP – ATP CYCLE the released energy must be trapped, otherwise it would dissipate, if not used immediately all organisms use the same energy trapping compound called ATP (adenosine triphosphate) = high energy bonds lots of chemical energy ATP a phosphate bond is broken energy released is used by body for life functions energy released by cellular respiration is used to add a phosphate to ADP ATP is reformed energy is trapped in 3rd phosphate bond ADP

ADP – ATP CYCLE Overall word equation: during cellular respiration ADP + P + energy ATP A ~P~P + P + energy A ~P~P~P Overall word equation: when body needs energy to live ATP energy ADP + P + A ~P~P~P A ~P~P + P + energy

Homework Page 82 # 2, 3, 7