How did the Industrial Revolution lead to the Age of Imperialism.

What was the Industrial Revolution? A change from the use of hand methods of manufacturing to machine methods The emergence of the factory system of production Began in England around 1750 and spread to other countries Changed the way people worked and lived Economic change in the world economy

The “NEW” IMPERIALISM Around 1875, there was a renewed race for colonies spurred by the needs of the Industrial Revolution Possible anecdote:

The demand for manufactured goods created a need for more raw materials This also created a need for new markets Cotton bales in Bombay, early 1900s

European nations extended their authority by establishing overseas colonies

Why did some countries fall to European Imperialism? Why were some able to maintain their independence? What resources did Europeans want from other continents? What resources did other continents want from Europe?

Technological Advances The steam engine Better transportation Increased exploration Improvements in communication (telegraph)

Technological Advances The Maxim Gun

Berlin Conference 1884-85 Held to prevent fighting 14 European nations met to lay down the rules for dividing Africa. Countries had to notify the other countries of the claim and show they could control the area. No regard for African Ethnic or Linguistic groups or boundary lines.

Clashes over South Africa Zulu – by 1816, Chief Shaka created a large centralized state The Boers - Dutch begin to settle in 1652, gradually took over native Africans’ land and created large farms. British took over South Africa and clashed with the Boers.

ZULU WARRIORS, 1879

Boer War

Canadian forces in the Second Boer War

British fire at Boers

British arrive in Mandalay, Burma, 1885 Clashes in Asia British arrive in Mandalay, Burma, 1885

Anglo Burmese War, 1885

French in Vietnam

King of Siam, 1897

Italian conquest of Libya, 1911 Clashes in Asia Italian conquest of Libya, 1911

Conquest of Libya First air strike, 1911

First field radio

Italian camel mounted artillery

First military aircraft

Italian infantry

Italians capture leader of Libyan resistance, Omar Mukhtar, Lion of the Desert

The Legacy of Imperialism

World War I