CE5504 Surface Water Quality Modeling

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Presentation transcript:

CE5504 Surface Water Quality Modeling General Lecture 2. Model Development CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

Secchi disk and chlorophyll Empirical Models Secchi disk and chlorophyll (Chapra 1997, Figure 29.6) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

Empirical Models Vollenwieder plot (Chapra 1997, Figure 29.1) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

Linked Empirical-Mechanistic Models (Chapra 1997, Figure 29.4) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

Mechanistic Mass Balance Models (Chapra 1997, Figure 1.5) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

Temporal Resolution (Chapra 1997, Figure 18.8) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

Spatial Resolution (Chapra 1997, Figure 16.1) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

Time and Space Scale of Water Quality Problems (Chapra 1997, Figure 18.9) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

Kinetic Resolution Soluble Reactive Phosphorus Total Phosphorus Dissolved Organic Phosphorus Available Particulate Phosphorus Refractory Particulate Phosphorus CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

The Guiding Principle Things should be made as simple as possible -- but no simpler. Albert Einstein image source: www.physik.uni-frankfurt.de/~jr/physpiceinstein.html

Defensible, Credible, Cost-Effective unlimited cost cost cost + $ desired reliability Model Complexity Model Reliability

Striking a Balance Model Complexity Screening  Management  Research

Modeling: Historical Development 1925-1960 (Streeter-Phelps) Problems: untreated and primary effluent Pollutants: BOD Systems: streams and estuaries (1D) Kinetics: linear, feed forward Solutions: analytical (Chapra 1997) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

Modeling: Historical Development 1960-1970 (Computerization) Problems: primary and secondary effluent Pollutants: BOD Systems: streams and estuaries (1D/2D) Kinetics: linear, feed forward Solutions: analytical and numerical (Chapra 1997) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

Modeling: Historical Development 1970-1977 (Biology) Problems: eutrophication Pollutants: nutrients Systems: streams, lakes and estuaries (1D/2D/3D) Kinetics: nonlinear, feedback Solutions: numerical (Chapra 1997) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

Modeling: Historical Development 1977- 2000 (Toxics) Problems: toxics Pollutants: organics, metals Systems: sediment-water interactions food chain interations, streams, lakes and estuaries Kinetics: linear, feed forward Solutions: analytical (Chapra 1997) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

Modeling: Historical Development 2000 - present (Ecosytems) Problems: ecosystem change, climate, invasives Pollutants: natural components – carbon, nutrients, organisms Systems: primary production, food web interactions Kinetics: nonlinear, feedback Solutions: numerical Benthic Invertebrates Phytoplankton Whitefish (Chapra 1997) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

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