Don Troshynski Technical Director dtroshynski@acmepacket.com Giving voice to 4G Don Troshynski Technical Director dtroshynski@acmepacket.com

4G voice—why? New revenue or increased margins Consumer voice, presence & messaging Video: telephony & IPTV Enterprise hosted services Enterprise SIP trunking Accelerate ROI from spectrum and equipment expenses Cost differential is minimal Greater customer stickiness – multi-play offering Competition Voice is table stakes for fixed replacement Differentiation vs other mobile broadband providers Over the top ASP threat – Skype, Google, etc. HD voice 265 operators selling WiMAX or proprietary BB fixed wireless 62.5% offer commercial services, 13% trialing, 10% planning and 11.5% have idle spectrum 93 countries (EU 35%, APAC 25%, MEA 17%, CALA 14%, NA 10%) 2.4M subscribers – Q2 2008 Avg. subscriber base: 15K for WISPs and 7.2K for CLECs Customer mix: 2/3 residential and 1/3 business Mostly high-speed Internet and data services today Voice and video is coming 4GWE Fall 2009

3 ways for voice over 4G Legacy: UMA Hybrid: MSC VoIP SIP/IMS 4G RAN Legacy: UMA MSC Voice & messaging UNC UMA clients (R99 features only) Hybrid: MSC VoIP CS Voice & messaging MSC 4G RAN SIP clients (R99 features only) SIP/IMS P-CSCF IMS SIP clients (innovative features) P/S-GW 4G RAN Services & applications Aggregation PoP Access Circuit-switched fallback: dual radio approach; 3gPP standard but not a way to offer and detracts from the business case of LTE as running siloed access network for voice with expensive $ per bit and spectrum. MNOs want to turn off 2/3G RANs and refarm spectrum to more efficent LTE 4GWE Fall 2009

Why SIP for 4G? No TDM option – need alternative mechanism Common signaling plane for a ubiquitous access network – IP-based Moving beyond voice – multimedia, video, IM SIP has proven to be carrier class – for lower cost Serve, don’t plumb! 4GWE Fall 2009

Challenges for 4G voice service delivery Regulatory compliance Service element overloads & signaling resource availability DoS attacks Services & applications Billing & planning Latency sensitive traffic Backbone IP address incompatibility Signaling & transport protocol incompatibilities 4G RAN 4GWE Fall 2009

LTE requires an IPv6— how to manage the transition? LTE requires IPv6 endpoints Exhaustion of public IPv4 addresses Limitations of RFC 1918 around 15M subscribers without overlap EPC defined as IPv6 Enables IPv4 and IPv6 VoIP/IMS endpoints & service elements to interoperate Any combination—end and core, access & peering Core normalization Less disruptive, capex-friendly migration Greater service reach – access & interconnect Ease of deployment & troubleshooting Faster time to market B2BUA required that can change IP addresses embedded in SIP messages SIP header – Contact, Via, Route, Record-Route, etc. SDP – media addresses & ports SIP – bi-directional application – sessions start from inside & outside Mediate at edge, eliminating need for: Dual-stack endpoints Deployment of new protocols: ANAT, ICE, etc. Core infrastructure changes Customer/peer interface changes Peers IPv6 IPv4 you need IPv6 after a certain number of non overlapping RFC 1918 addresses you could certainly solve the problem with OLIP, but without OLIP, you run out of steam ~15M subs mobile operators are partials towards v6 versus OLIP IPv6 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6 IPv6 4GWE Fall 2009

Distributed P-CSCF solves many 4G voice delivery challenges Services Edge Aggregation Edge Defined security border Ensures all core resources are safe from DoS and signaling attacks Reduced architectural complexity Normalizes all core traffic at border Enables ideal IPv6/v6 bridge Increased control and availability Maximize core resource utilization and increase availability Enhanced scalability Increase core performance by offloading resource intensive functions Improved operational efficiency Reduces number of core devices Simplifies trouble shooting Satisfies multi-national regulatory mandates P-CSCF P-CSCF P-CSCF 4GWE Fall 2009

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