MOVE in dialogue: first research results Emilia Kmiotek-Meier University of Luxembourg, coordinating partner Zagreb 25 January 2018

Focus Mobility (mobiles & non-mobiles) Hindering factors / obstacles for mobility Mobile / non-mobile Mobility types Discussion

Mobility rates *mobile: at least 2 weeks abroad other than holiday or family visit Country mobile % non-mobile % N Luxembourg 59.2 40.8 742 Spain 43.1 56.9 978 Norway 29.0 71.0 875 Germany 39.0 61.0 992 Romania 33.4 66.6 1006 Hungary 28.4 71.6 1016 ALL 37.6 62.4 5499 Sex mobile % non-mobile % N female 37.2 62.8 2935 male 38.1 61.9 2567 ALL 37.6 62.4 5499

Main hindering factors (mobile & non-mobile together) Obstacles % 1 Lack of sufficient language skills 2 Lack of support or information 3 Difficulties to register in education/training 4 Obstacles or differences in recognition of qualifications 5 Difficulties finding a job abroad 6 Difficulties to obtain a work permit abroad 7 A worse welfare system (pensions/healthcare) 8 My partner is not willing to move 9 Psychological well-being (fear of suffering from stress/loneliness/sadness) 10 Financial commitments in my current place of residency (e.g. bank loans or owning a property) 11 Lack of financial resources to move abroad 18.3 % NO OBSTACLES

Main hindering factors (mobile & non-mobile together) Obstacles % 1 Lack of sufficient language skills 2 Lack of support or information 3 Difficulties to register in education/training 4 Obstacles or differences in recognition of qualifications 5 Difficulties finding a job abroad 6 Difficulties to obtain a work permit abroad 7 A worse welfare system (pensions/healthcare) 8 My partner is not willing to move 9 Psychological well-being (fear of suffering from stress/loneliness/sadness) 10 Financial commitments in my current place of residency (e.g. bank loans or owning a property) 11 Lack of financial resources to move abroad 81.7 % SOME OBSTACLES

Main hindering factors Obstacles % 1 Lack of sufficient language skills 2 Lack of support or information 3 Difficulties to register in education/training 4 Obstacles or differences in recognition of qualifications 5 Difficulties finding a job abroad 6 Difficulties to obtain a work permit abroad 7 A worse welfare system (pensions/healthcare) 8 My partner is not willing to move 9 Psychological well-being (fear of suffering from stress/loneliness/sadness) 10 Financial commitments in my current place of residency (e.g. bank loans or owning a property) 11 Lack of financial resources to move abroad

Main hindering factors Main hindering factors *mobile: at least 2 weeks abroad other than holiday or family visit Obstacles MOBILES % (N=1,644) NON-MOBILES % (N=2,846) 1 Lack of sufficient language skills 38.7 49.8 2 Lack of support or information 29.5 27.6 3 Difficulties to register in education/training 14.8 10.3 4 Obstacles or differences in recognition of qualifications 19.0 12.4 5 Difficulties finding a job abroad 20.0 19.2 6 Difficulties to obtain a work permit abroad 11.7 10.4 7 A worse welfare system (pensions/healthcare) 10.8 8 My partner is not willing to move 13.4 15.4 9 Psychological well-being (fear of suffering from stress/loneliness/sadness) 24.3 24.5 10 Financial commitments in my current place of residency (e.g. bank loans or owning a property) 11.6 12.6 11 Lack of financial resources to move abroad 29.0 44.0

Main hindering factors Main hindering factors *mobile: at least 2 weeks abroad other than holiday or family visit Obstacles 1 Lack of sufficient language skills 2 Lack of support or information 4 Obstacles or differences in recognition of qualifications 5 Difficulties finding a job abroad 9 Psychological well-being (fear of suffering from stress/loneliness/sadness) 10 Financial commitments in my current place of residency (e.g. bank loans or owning a property) 11 Lack of financial resources to move abroad Primary & Secondary 39.0 28.8 33.1 Vocational Training 27.5 30.8 23.1 Credit students 31.6 31.2 32.9 Degree students 29.0 24.6 32.6 Language courses 43.5 26.8 30.4 Voluntary work 43.4 30.3 Work-related 50.2 34.2

Findings from Interviews Positive experiences Self-development Widening of horizons “Mastering a challenge” Great memories

Findings from Interviews Positive experiences Self-development Widening of horizons “Mastering a challenge” Great memories BUT …also: struggle…

Findings from Interviews Language Organisation / administration Information Financial support Social networks (pupil, student, VET & employment) Living in a bubble (just national and/or international) Family situation (entrepreneurship & employment) Career outlook: Skills / knowledge transfer (student, VET & employment)

Each mobility type has its own dilemma(s) …AND… Each country has its own dilemma(s) …or maybe not???

Each mobility type has its own dilemma(s) …AND… Each country has its own dilemma(s) …or maybe not???

What can a mobility? Integrate the integrated ? Support the supported ?

What can a mobility? Integrate the integrated ? Support the supported ? Horizon 2020 Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (2014-2020), Societal Challenge 6 – Europe in a changing world: inclusive, innovative and reflective societies, Call YOUNG-2-2014, topic "Youth mobility: opportunities, impacts, policies"

Discussion groups Groups will be split into different stages of mobility, focusing on challenges and solutions / policy recommendation: Before mobility experience; During mobility experience; After mobility experience; and Non-mobile young people.

Final Conference 8th and 9th of March 2017 - Final Conference Dr. Valentina Cuzzocrea Youth and Mobility Prof. Dr. Bridget Anderson Youth migration and precarious employment of young people Prof. Dr. Martin Kahanec Economic perspectives on migration and mobility Prof. Dr. Rubén Hernandez-Leon Cross border US/Mexico in comparison to third country immigration EU

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