Renewable Compressed Natural Gas Anthony Tarabini

Why Renewable CNG? California is ranked No.1 in the US in Milk Production Approximately 1400 dairies in California Over 1.7 Million cows California transports over 2,000 loads of milk per day Producing CNG from Dairy waste improves the profitability of the Dairies and Trucking Companies at the same time Why Renewable Compressed Natural Gas also know as Renewable CNG? Show of hands, How many in the audience or someone in your family enjoys milk on their cereal? How about Cheese on your pizza? The cows that produce that milk also produce piles of manure which is the perfect resource for making Renewable CNG. It shouldn’t surprise you that California is ranked No.1 in the US in Milk Production There are Approximately 1400 dairies in California with an average herd size of 1250 cows That’s over 1.7 million cows producing manure that is currently off-gassing methane into the atmosphere Dairies produce over 2000 truck loads of milk a day, which traveling across the valley floor Producing CNG from Dairy waste improves the profitability of the Dairies and the Trucking Companies at the same time, while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. And later in the presentation I will show how this is possible.

Why Near Zero Emission CNG Engines? CNG vs Diesel CNG engines produce 10 times less NOx emissions No DPF, No SCR, No Diesel Exhaust Fluid Lower fuel cost for CNG New Truck Incentives focused on Zero and Near Zero Emissions CNG vs Electric Class 8 electric trucks need further development to be competitive with CNG Battery weight Charging Infrastructure Cost to charge truck Battery Life Future Taxes We feel Near Zero Emission CNG trucks and renewable CNG is the best option to reduce greenhouse gas emissions for Regional Trucking specifically in the San Joaquin Valley Why Near Zero Emission CNG engines? We all know California has made it clear that they plan to have all gas and diesel vehicles regulated off California roads by 2040. Near Zero Emission CNG engines are the perfect fit for San Joaquin Valley regional trucks to meet these new guidelines and reduce operational expenses. When you compare CNG engines to diesel engines you will see that: Near zero engines produce less than 0.02 nitrogen oxide emissions or NOx which is 10x less than the current 0.2 NOx diesel engines. The engine on the right is the new Cummins/Westport Near Zero Emission 12L engine for class 8 trucks. These CNG engines do not have Diesel Particulate Filter, Selective Catalytic Reduction or require Diesel Exhaust Fluid to operate. This means no more plugged DPF filter because your motor idled too long and didn’t have a chance to regenerate. This also equates into a lower cost of ownership for a CNG equipped truck CNG is currently less expensive and on my next slide I’m going to show you how Biorem with renewable CNG has taken it one step further. Moving forward State funded New Vehicle Truck incentives will be focused on Zero and Near Zero Emissions. Let’s talk about CNG vs Electric At this time class 8 electric trucks need further development to be competitive with CNG for regional trucking in the San Joaquin Valley Battery weight is a concern. The weight of an electric truck limits the amount of freight it can haul reducing the trucking company's profitability The charging infrastructure for fast charging a 1MWh truck is still under development and has not been deployed in California The cost to charge the truck using the commercial electricity rate for California is over $0.15 per kwh costing over $150 per single truck charge, which is currently less than half of what it would cost to refuel using diesel or pubic CNG. But Biorem has a solution for this which I will talk about on the next slide. Battery life is another concern. The operating conditions for a semi truck strain current Li-Ion battery technology and development is still needed to overcome these issues California may need to tax eclectic vehicles to make up for lost revenue form other fuel taxes We feel Near Zero Emission CNG trucks and renewable CNG is the best option to reduce greenhouse gas emissions for regional trucking specifically in the San Joaquin Valley

San Joaquin Valley Cooperative Why Biorem Energy Renewable CNG? What you know Diesel fuel is the 2nd largest operating expense for a trucking company Diesel fuel costs make up approximately 37% of operational costs. Diesel fuel prices increase as new taxes are assessed Biorem Energy is sharing its incentives with co-op members Lowering your fuel cost to less than $0.60 per gallon including taxes Long term contracts ensure pricing stability throughout truck life Increase company profits by an estimated 25% Why Biorem Energy Renewable CNG? To answer this question let’s start with what we know. Diesel fuel is the 2nd largest operating expense for a trucking company which is approximately 37% of all operational costs. Diesel fuel prices increase as new taxes are assessed. We know this because it just happened last November raising diesel prices by $0.20 per gallon. Biorem Energy has created a Renewable CNG Cooperative that is able to share its incentives with our co-op members. Lowering your fuel cost to less than $0.60 per gallon including taxes and delivery We provide a long term contract with our members to ensure pricing stability throughout the life of the truck. These fuel prices increase a company’s profit by an estimated 25% For example, If you drive 100,000 miles per year you will save over $30K per truck per year in fuel cost using current diesel pricing.

What Biorem Energy’s solution does for California Dairies Improves overall animal health. Provides less expensive electricity for dairy farms. Saves California water. Processes dairy farm’s waste creating renewable compressed natural gas We believe that Renewable CNG is the future of trucking in the San Joaquin Valley and we are doing our part to keep California Dairies and Trucking Companies healthy and profitable. Biorem Energy’s program creates mutually beneficial relationships with the state of California, California Diaries and California trucking companies. What Biorem Energy’s solution does for California Dairies Improves overall animal health Provides less expensive electricity for dairy farms Save California water Processes dairy farm waste. creating renewable compressed natural gas for the benefit of California regional trucking companies. We believe that Renewable CNG is the future of trucking in the San Joaquin Valley and we are doing our part to keep California dairies and trucking companies healthy and profitable.

Producing renewable natural gas for transportation companies. https://www.bioremenergy.com/ anthony.tarabini@bioremenergy.com Producing renewable natural gas for transportation companies. Processing dairy farm waste. Providing less expensive electricity for dairy farms. Improving overall animal health. Saving California water.