The Big Picture What was the Social Impact of the Nazi State

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The Big Picture What was the Social Impact of the Nazi State Policies towards women and children Changes in the economy/living conditions Teal book Pages 80-87 The big picture indicated where students are heading over the course of this unit. Share information, but there is no need to write this in books (although a print out could be stuck in for reference). Students will see this slide at the beginning of every lesson to remind them of the overall outcomes for this unit. . Treatment of minorities

Today’s Lesson What methods did the Nazis use to persecute the Jews? Key Vocabulary: Persecution Nuremburg Laws Kristallnacht Final solution Extermination What methods did the Nazis use to persecute the Jews? Describe the nature of this treatment and the impact it had on the Jewish community The crown is the outcome The boxes are the learning objectives. Identify key events and turning points in the treatment of the Jews . Evaluate the nature of this treatment (mental, physical, violent)

The Persecution of Jews Approx. 500,000 Jews in Germany in 1934 (about 1% of the population) By the time that Hitler stopped Jews from leaving Germany in 1941, around 80% had left.

1933 Encouraged boycott of Jewish businesses. Jewish civil servants, lawyers and teachers are sacked. Jews are banned from sports clubs. ‘Race studies’ are introduced in German schools.

1934 All Jewish shops are marked with the Star of David or ‘Juden’. Soldiers even stood outside turning people away.

1935 Nuremberg laws (15 September) are established. -Jews could not be citizens. -They were not allowed to vote. -Could not marry non-Jews.

1935 'Jews not wanted here' signs put up at swimming pools etc.

1935 Jewish writers were not allowed to publish. Only allowed to sit on park benches labelled ‘for Jews’.

1936 No Jews are allowed to own electrical equipment, including cameras, bicycles, typewriters or music records.

1938 All Jewish Doctors are sacked. Men has to add the name ‘Israel’ to their first name and women ‘Sara’. Jewish children forbidden to go to German schools.

1938 Kristallnacht (9 November) A German working man, working for the German government in Paris is shot dead by a Jew. It is claimed he was seeking revenge for the bad treatment his parents received by Nazis. Attacks on Jewish homes, businesses and synagogues. Police were instructed not to intervene. Nazis claimed the events were carried out by ordinary Germans who were fed up with the Jews. Some believe it was ordered by Hitler. Another theory is that it was planned by Goebbels in an attempt to please the Fuhrer.

1938- Kristallnacht

1938- Kristallnacht

1938- Kristallnacht Result: Synagogues- 191 destroyed - 76 completely destroyed Jews - 20,000 arrested - 91 dead Foreigners - 3 arrested Looting - Looting of Jewish shops and businesses', 174 arrested Businesses – 815 were destroyed

1938 Jews not allowed to run businesses. Jewish and non-Jewish children were banned form playing together. Jews banned from using swimming pools.

1939 No longer allowed out of their homes between 8.00pm and 6.00am. Had to hand over their gold, silver and jewellery to police. Jews can be evicted from their homes for no reason. Jews were forced to live in ghettoes.

1939- Ghetto’s

1939- Ghetto’s

Outbreak of War When war broke out the treatment of Jews got much, much worse. As Hitler’s armies invaded more countries, more Jews became trapped under Nazi rule. So, most of the Jews that had fled Germany, ended up back under Nazi control!!

1941 All Jews were forced to wear a yellow star of David.

1941+ 1941- Einsatzgruppen squads started mass-shootings of Jews. 1942- Wansee Conference (20 January) decided on the Final Solution, which was to gas all Europe's Jews. (approx. 11 million people!!)The main death camps were at Auschwitz, Treblinka and Sobibor.

Death Camps

Auschwitz - Poland "work makes (you) free"

Gas Chamber at Auschwitz

Auschwitz Not all those arriving at Auschwitz were immediately exterminated. Those deemed fit to work were employed as slave labour in the production of munitions, synthetic rubber and other products considered essential to Germany’s efforts in World War II. During World War II (1939-45), more than 1 million people, by some accounts, lost their lives at Auschwitz. In January 1945, with the Soviet army approaching, Nazi officials ordered the camp abandoned and sent an estimated 60,000 prisoners on a forced march to other locations. When the Soviets entered Auschwitz, they found thousands of emaciated detainees and piles of corpses left behind.