4 Дәріс. ЕТІСТІКТІҢ ШАҚТАРЫ (VERB TENSES)

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4 Дәріс. ЕТІСТІКТІҢ ШАҚТАРЫ (VERB TENSES)

ЕТІСТІКТІҢ ШАҚТАРЫ . ЖАЛПЫ МАҒЛҰМАТ 1. Simple Tenses (Indefinite Tenses) Белгісіз шақ тобы іс-әрекеттің өту айғағының констациясын ғана осы, өткен және келер шақтарда береді, оның ұзақтығын, аяқталғандығын және басқа бір іс-әрекетке немесе сәтке қатыссыз екендігін көрсетпейді 2. Continuous Tenses (Progressive Tenses) “Созылмалы” шақ тобы Continuous тобының шақтары осы шақ, өткен және келер шақтың белгілі бір уақытында басталып және болып жатқан, болған, осы сәтте болатын созылмалы іс-әрекетті білдіру үшін қолданылады 3. Perfect Tenses Аяқталған шақ тобы Perfect тобының шақтары осы, өткен, келер шақтардың белгілі бір сәтінде жасалған іс-әрекетті білдіреді 4. Perfect Continuous Tenses Аяқталған созылмалы шақ тобы Perfect Continuous тобының шақтары осы, өткен, келер шақтардың белгілі бір кезеңіне дейін жалғасып, осы кезеңді қоса белгілі бір уақыт мерзіміне дейін созылған созылмалы іс әрекетті білдіреді

ЕТІСТІКТІҢ ШАҚТАРЫ . ЖАЛПЫ МАҒЛҰМАТ Белгісіз шақ тобы (Simple Tenses) Бұл топ белгісіз осы шақ (Present Simple Tense), белгісіз өткен шақ (Past Simple Tense) және белгісіз келер шақтан (Future Simple Tense) тұрады. “Созылмалы” шақ тобы (Continuous Tenses). Бұл топ созылмалы осы шақ (Present Continuous Tense), созылмалы өткен шақ (Past Continuous Tense) және созылмалы келер шақтардан (Future Continuous Tense) тұрады. Аяқталған шақ тобы (Perfect Tenses). Бұл топ аяқталған осы шақ (Present Perfect Tense), аяқталған өткен шақ (Past Perfect Tense); және аяқталған келер шақтан (Future Perfect Tense) тұрады. Аяқталған созылмалы шақ тобы (Perfect Continuous Tenses). Бұл топ аяқталған созылмалы осы шақ (Present Perfect Continuous Tense), аяқталған созылмалы өткен шақ (Past Perfect Continuous Tense), аяқталған созылмалы келер шақтан (Future Perfect Continuous Tense) тұрады.

Ағылшын тілінің ЕТІСТІКТІҢ ШАҚТАРЫ

Етістік, болымсыз және сұраулы түрлерінің жасалуы Tenses ACTIVE PASSIVE Past Simple Mary helped him yesterday. Mary did not help him yesterday. Did Mary help him yesterday? He was a student last year. He was not a student last year. Was he a student last year? He was helped yesterday. He was not helped yesterday. Was he helped yesterday?

Етістік, болымсыз және сұраулы түрлерінің жасалуы Present Simple Mary helps him this time. Mary does not help him this time. Does Mary help him this time? He is a student this year. He is not a student this year. Is he a student this year? He is helped this time. He is not helped this time. Is he helped this time?

Етістік, болымсыз және сұраулы түрлерінің жасалуы Future Simple Mary will help him next time. Mary will not help him next time. Will Mary help him next time? He will be helped next time. He will not be helped next time. Will he be helped next time?

Етістік, болымсыз және сұраулы түрлерінің жасалуы Past Continuous Mary was helping him when I saw them. Mary wasn’t helping him when I saw them. Was Mary helping him when you saw them? He was being helped when I saw him. He was not being helped when I saw him Was he being helped when you saw him?

Етістік, болымсыз және сұраулы түрлерінің жасалуы Present Continuous Mary is helping him right now. Mary is not helping him right now. Is Mary helping him right now? He is being helped right now. He is not being helped right now. Is he being helped right now?

Етістік, болымсыз және сұраулы түрлерінің жасалуы Future Continuous Mary will be helping him when you come. Mary will not be helping him when you come. Will Mary be helping him when I come жоқ

Етістік, болымсыз және сұраулы түрлерінің жасалуы Past Perfect Mary had helped him by the time I saw them. Mary had not helped him by the time I saw them. Had Mary helped him by the time you saw them? He had been helped by the time I saw him. He had not been helped by the time I saw him. Had he been helped by the time you saw him?

Етістік, болымсыз және сұраулы түрлерінің жасалуы Present Perfect Mary has already helped him. Mary has not helped him yet. Has Mary already helped him? He has just been helped. He has not been helped yet. Has he been already helped?

Етістік, болымсыз және сұраулы түрлерінің жасалуы Future Perfect Mary will have helped him by the time you come. Mary will not have helped him by the time you come. Will Mary have helped him by the time I come? He will have been helped by the time you come. He will not have been helped by the time you come. Will he have been helped by the time I come?

Етістік, болымсыз және сұраулы түрлерінің жасалуы Past Perfect Continuous Mary had been helping him for two hours when I saw them. Mary had not been helping him for two hours when I saw them. Had Mary been helping him for two hours when you saw them? жоқ

Етістік, болымсыз және сұраулы түрлерінің жасалуы Present Perfect Continuous Mary has been helping him for a long time. Mary has not been helping him for a long time. Has Mary been helping him for a long time? жоқ

Етістік, болымсыз және сұраулы түрлерінің жасалуы Future Perfect Continuous Mary will have been helping him for five hours when you come. Mary will not have been helping him for five hours when you come. Will Mary have been helping him for five hours when I come? жоқ

Етістік, болымсыз және сұраулы түрлерінің жасалуы NOTE Етістіктің болымсыз түрі not бөлшекті көмекші етістіктен кейін қою арқылы жасалады: is not = isn’t am not = ‘m not are not = aren’t was not = wasn’t were not = weren’t will not = won’t did not = didn’t do not = don’t does not = doesn’t have not = haven’t has not = hasn’t had not = hadn’t

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