The Holocaust and Zionist Movement

LEARNING GOALS Know what the “Shoah” was and who was responsible for it Know what life was like in a work camp Know what the Zionist movement is and the purpose behind it

The Holocaust Also known as “Shoah” (Hebrew for “the catastrophe”) It was a genocide in which 6 million Jews were killed by Adolf Hitler’s Nazi Regime It is reported that an additional 5 million non-Jews were killed (Eg: homosexuals, mentally and physically disabled, gypsys In total, 11 million were killed which included 1 million children

Concentration and Extermination Camps The first concentration camp was opened in Germany in 1933 and ended in 1945 when the Nazi’s were defeated Life within the camp was horrible. Prisoners were forced to do hard labour and were not fed very much food. 3-4 people slept on each bunk (without a mattress or pillows)

Concentration and Extermination Camps Torture was common and Nazi doctors performed medical experiments The largest camp was Auschwitz, where it is estimated that 1.1 million people were killed There were concentration camps, which was where people were forced to do hard labour. There were also extermination camps where large volume of people were killed.

Zionist Movement Zionism is a nationalist and political movement of Jews and Jewish culture that supports the re-establishment of a Jewish Homeland in the territory defined as the historic Land of Israel (also referred to as Palestine, Canaan or the Holy Land) (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zionism)