Most organisms go through a cycle of growth, development, and division The Cell Cycle Most organisms go through a cycle of growth, development, and division

Phases of the cell cycle Interphase Mitotic Phase

Interphase G1- a cell grows and develops S- a cell continues to grow but copies its DNA G2- still growing but begins to store energy and get ready to divide

Mitotic Phase Has two stages mitosis (the nucleus divides) cytokinesis ( the cytoplasm divides)

Phases of Mitosis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase

Cytokinesis In an animal cell the membrane contracts in the middle and forms a furrow. It eventually divides the cell into two cells In a Plant cell a new cell wall forms in the middle of a plant cell organelles join together to form a cell plate the cell plate grows and becomes two new cells

Animal Cell vs Plant

Unicellular Organisms made of only 1 cell can be eukrayotes (nucleus) or prokaryotes (no nucleus) These can be algae or different kinds of fungi

Multicellular Organisms Made of many Eurkaryotic cells that work together Each cell has a specific job The cells are differentiated

Stem Cells watch are unspecialized cells that are able to play into many different cell types In your bone marrow there are a dozen different kinds of stem cells that help you replace worn out or damaged cells from your muscles watch

Plant Cells also have unspecialized cells they are grouped in areas called Meristems different types of plant cells have different jobs like making food storing food protecting the plant

Tissues groups of cells make up tissues Tissues- work together to carry out specific tasks Animal Plants dermal muscle vascular nervous ground tissue epithelial

Organs groups of tissues work together to form a particular job Plants leaves etc. Animals heart lungs brain etc.

Organ Systems organs work together to make a system to complete a series of tasks Ex: your digestive system works to digest your food using your digestive organs Plants have two organ systems ( shoot system & root system)

Organism organs systems work together to carry out jobs for the survival of an organism Humans have 11 different body systems to keep us working