Lab unit 18 Focus on Angiosperms Plant Structure Lab unit 18 Focus on Angiosperms

Vegetative Organs of the Flowering Plant Body Flowering plants possess three kinds of vegetative (nonreproductive) organs: roots, stems, and leaves.

Most angiosperms belong to one of two major clades . Moncots Eudicots Flowering plants Most angiosperms belong to one of two major clades . Moncots Eudicots

Figure 35.1 Monocots versus Eudicots

Roots, Shoots, and Leaves

Roots Anchor the plant in soil Absorb water and minerals from soil Stores products of photosynthesis

There are two main types of root systems 1.Taproot system (a) Carrots A single, large, deep-growing primary root with smaller lateral roots.

2.Fibrous root system (b) Grass Numerous thin roots roughly equal in diameter. Holds soil in place very effectively

Vegetative Organs of the Flowering Plant Body -stems Shoots Steams- support Leaves -food

A node not a discrete structure, but rather that portion of a stem from which one or more leaves arise

Vegetative Organs of the Flowering Plant Body Embryonic shoot A bud produces the cells for the growth and development of that stem, branch, or leaf *Terminal or apical bud at tip of each stem or branch.

Some stems are highly modified A potato is a portion of the plant’s stem, and its “eyes” contain lateral buds. The runners of strawberries are horizontal stems.

Vegetative Organs of the Flowering Plant Body Leaves The organ that produces food for the plant –photosynthesis. Well adapted for gathering light.

Vegetative Organs of the Flowering Plant Body Leaves The blade of a leaf is attached to the stem by the petiole

Vegetative Organs of the Flowering Plant Body Leaf Anatomy Cuticle Vascular tissue: Xylem Phloem

Leaf Diversity

Leaf diversity for us  A simple leaf has a single blade. (A) The Diversity of Leaf Forms Leaf diversity for us  A simple leaf has a single blade. A compound leaf has multiple blades (or leaflets) arranged along an axis or radiating from a central point. (A)

Unit 33 Symbiosis is close and often long-term interactions between different biological species. Three types:

Parasitism a relationship is one in which one member of the association benefits while the other is harmed

Mutualism is any relationship between individuals of different species where both individuals derive a benefit

Commensalism describes a relationship between two living organisms where one benefits and the other is not significantly harmed or helped Commensalism is difficult to demonstrate, for true commensalism, the second species must be unaffected by the presence of the first Commensalism describes a relationship between two living organisms where one benefits and the other is not significantly harmed or helped