Unit 1: Evaluation

Think outside the box… How would you treat an emergency (athletic) situation differently than a typical athletic injury?

Emergency conditions Obstructed airway Cardiopulmonary emergencies Unconscious victim Hemorrhage External vs. internal Fractures Shock https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Z0XqU_1Hg8

What to do in emergency situations Check ABC’s Primary survey Secondary survey Signs and symptoms

Primary survey Used to assess life-threatening injuries Check: Responsiveness Airway Breathing Circulation Carotid, Brachial, and/or radial pulse

Secondary survey Survey performed after life-threatening injuries have been ruled out. Monitor vital signs: Level of consciousness Pulse Respirations Blood pressure Temperature Skin color Pupils Movement Abnormal nerve response HOPS method History Observation Palpation Special tests Musculoskeletal immediate care: Rest Ice Compression Elevation

Emergency equipment Automated External Defibrillator (AED) Splinting Evaluates the heart rhythm of a victim of sudden cardiac arrest Splinting Vacuum splint SAM splint- thin sheet of pliable aluminum covered by padding Spine board Crutches Always splint above and below the site of injury!

Article on Emergency situation… Read the article quietly to yourself. We will discuss different points about the article afterwards.

Evaluation of injury

Think back… Think of when you go to see the doctor or your Athletic Trainer, what are some of the things they do when you see them…

Initial evaluation HOPS method History Observation Palpation Special tests HOPS method video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xlMAYoOqvTs

History Primary compliant Mechanism of injury Acute vs. chronic Characteristics of symptoms Disability resulting from injury Weakness, pain, lack of range of motion, etc. Related medical history

observation Deformity Movement Can they move the body part? Limp Abnormal Can they move the body part? Asymmetries Swelling or atrophy Unnatural protrusions or lumps Posture Alignment Heat or redness bruising

Palpation (touch) Bony Soft-tissue Look for swelling, lumps, gaps, abnormal muscle tension, and temperature differences ALWAYS compare BOTH sides looking for differences in feeling and pain

Special tests Tests used to evaluate pathologies ALWAYS compare bilaterally Evaluate their movement Check ROM Active Passive Manual muscle testing (strength) Neurological testing Tests for joint stability Tests for functional movement

Evaluation of athlete Evaluation video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hh_WEgBaGCw

Activity Come up with a scenario for an ankle injury Tell what happened What sport they play Come up with an evaluation based on your scenario History – what kind of questions may you ask Observation- what might you see with the injury Palpation- what are you feeling for Special tests- what kind of strength testing and range of motion would you tests

Documentation You should document every encounter with an athlete or patient Evaluations Daily treatments and rehab How they are progressing How have they gotten better or worse Allowed practice activities Should follow the “SOAP” note outline Subjective Objective Assessment Plan

Documentation SUBJECTIVE – what the patient tells you It hurts when I move like… When I ______, it makes it worse I heard/felt a pop here… I think I tore something OBJECTIVE- measurable information you find out during your evaluation Range of motion (ROM) Manual muscle testing strength (MMT) Special tests- positive vs. negative

Documentation ASSESSMENT- what is the injury/what is wrong with them Grade 1 ankle sprain Torn rotator cuff ACL sprain PLAN- what are you going to do to get them better, the treatment and rehab plan RICE Rehab exercises Refer to a doctor

SOAP note worksheet Take 10-15 minutes to complete the worksheet and we will go over it afterwards.

Library activity… Get into partners and pick an injury. Research in the library Find out what the injury is and make a scenario Find out the HOPS information History Observation Palpation Special Tests Write down information for all of these categories You and your partner will make a video (like the one we watched yesterday) including all of this information

Activities with HOPS/SOAP… Research on injury identifying information for HOPS Make a video with your partner including all the information and scenario We will share the videos in class and you will need to pay attention in order to do the next assignment (#3) Write up a SOAP note following your “evaluation of the injury” – you will do someone else’s in class