Origins of Cities.

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Presentation transcript:

Origins of Cities

Cities and Urban Geography In 1950 1/3 of the world lived in a city. Today 1/2 of us live in cities and the number is increasing.

City Functions Commercial Centers Industrial Cities Primary Resources Resort Cities Government / Religious Centers Education Centers

Site and situation of a city

Ancient World Cities Ancient Ur in Iraq Oldest cities are found in Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, Indus Valley, Mesoamerica, Peru Walled cities based on agricultural trade Social stratification 10-15,000 people

CLASSICAL World Cities Mediterranean City-States Hearth of extensive trade routes Over 250,000 people

Medieval World Cities European Feudal Cities Begin in 11th Century Independent cities formed in exchange for military service to feudal lord. Improved roads encouraged trade Dense and compact within defensive walls EX: Paris Paris, France Cittadella, Italy

Industrial world cities Centers of industry Close to natural resources and trade routes Rapid growth Deleterious Tenements and Slums Pollution Railroads Over 1 million people Ex: London, Paris, New York, Chicago

20th century world cities North America and Western Europe Influx of migration Skyscrapers Top cities mostly in MDCs

Modern World Cities A high percentage of world’s business is transacted and political power is concentrated in these cities. Headquarters of large businesses Media control centers Access to political power Major World Cities: London, New York, Tokyo

Largest world cities Ten Most Populous in A.D. 1950 1. New York 12.4 million 2. Tokyo 11.3 million 3. London 8.4 million 4. Osaka 7 million 5. Paris 6.3 million 6. Moscow 5.4 million 7. Buenos Aires 5.1 million 8. Chicago 5.0 million 9. Kolkata 4.5 million 10. Shanghai 4.3 million

Largest World Cities Ten Most Populous in A.D. 1975 1. Tokyo 19.8 million 2. New York 15.9 million 3. Shanghai 11.4 million 4. México 11.2 million 5. São Paulo 9.9 million 6. Osaka 9.8 million 7. Buenos Aires 9.1 million 8. Los Angeles 8.9 million 9. Paris 8.9 million 10. Beijing 8.5 million Source: U.N., 2001 * Note that five of these cities are in the Core or more developed world.

Largest World Cities Ten Most Populous by A.D. 2015 1. Tokyo 28.7 million 2. Bombay 27.4 million 3. Lagos 24.4 million 4. Shanghai 23.4 million 5. Jakarta 21.2 million 6. São Paulo 20.8 million 7. Karachi 20.6 million 8. Beijing 19.4 million 9. Dhaka, Bangladesh 19.0 million 10. México 18.8 million Source: U.N., 2001 * Note that only one of these cities is in the Core of the more developed world!

Largest world cities

City videos Least Liveable Cities: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BDUK5ak9sHU Worst Pollution: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqH9e58ngAk Worst Traffic: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DNyJY4mkRAc Crazy intersection: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UEIn8GJIg0E&t=43s Urbanization over history: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fKnAJCSGSdk

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