The Scientific Revolution AP World History Mr. Charnley

The Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment 16th – 18th centuries Causes European Exploration and Colonization Renaissance Absolutism and Imperialism

Introduction Old science traditional authorities of the church and ancient Greco-Roman philosophers Aristotle’s geocentric theory Supported by the Roman Catholic Church

New (Good) Science exploration and new discoveries questioning old sources of authority trying to develop new knowledge to use Reasoned observation and systematic measurement changed the way people viewed the world and their place in it

Religion Conflict and partnership with the Church: Roman Catholic Church established universities Fear of a conflict between reason and science. Galileo’s imprisonment over heliocentric theory

Nicolas Copernicus Heliocentric theory

Gallileo Gallilei Italian astronomer Telescope Confirmed heliocentric theory

Johan Kepler German astronomer Planetary orbit Confirmed heliocentric theory

William Harvey English physician Circulatory System

Rene Descartes French philosopher Pioneered Western Philosophy Logic and Reason Skepticism

Francis Bacon English philosopher Scientific Method Identify a problem or research question. Form a hypothesis that can be tested. Design and perform an experiment to test this hypothesis. Record the results of the experiments. Analyze the results to form a conclusion that either proves or disproves the hypothesis. (Repeat.)

Isaac Newton English scientist Theory of gravity Laws of motion

AP World History Mr. Charnley The Enlightenment AP World History Mr. Charnley

The Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment The Enlightenment 17th – 18th centuries Causes European Exploration and Colonization Renaissance Absolutism and Imperialism

Thomas Hobbes Leviathan

John Locke Two Treatises on Government

Charles de Secondat de Montesquieu The Spirit of Laws

Jean Jacques Rousseau The Social Contract

Francois-Marie Arouet Voltaire Candide

New schools of art and forms of literature Romanticism classical subjects public events natural scenes living people (portraits) New forms of literature evolved, such as the novel Cervantes’ Don Quixote

Technologies All-weather roads New designs in farm tools Improvements in ship design Technologies

Miguel de Cervantes: Novelist Don Quixote

Eugène Delacroix: Painter Girl Seated in a Cemetery. 1824. Oil on canvas. Louvre, Paris, France.

Cleopatra and the Peasant. 1838. Oil on canvas Cleopatra and the Peasant. 1838. Oil on canvas. Ackland Art Museum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

Effects Political revolutions Abolitionism Feminism Religious tolerance Anti-imperialism Anti-colonialism