Motion and Force

Newton Sir Isaac Newton discovered the 3 laws of motion. 1687 - Newton published Philosophae Naturalis Principia Mathematica

1st Law of Motion 1st Law Inertia – If an object is at rest it will remain at rest unless acted on by an outside force Same is true if an object is in motion!

2nd Law of Motion 2nd Law – F = M x A M = F / A A = F / M

3rd Law of Motion 3rd Law – For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

Force A push or pull that causes an object to move, stop, or change direction Force is measured in Newton’s (N)

Forces can affect motion in several ways: → They can make objects start moving. → They can make objects move faster. → They can make objects move slower. → They can make objects stop moving. → They can make objects change direction.

Distance Distance is the measurement from one point to another. Distance may refer to a physical length, a period of time, or an estimation.

Friction Friction is a force that acts against or stops motion when two surfaces rub against each other.

Speed Speed is a measure of the distance an object moves in a given amount of time. During a typical trip to school, your car will undergo a series of changes in its speed.

Velocity Velocity is speed but with a specific direction

Acceleration & Deceleration Acceleration is an increase in speed. Deceleration is a decrease in speed.

Slope Slope is used to describe the steepness, incline, or grade of a straight line.

Gravity Gravity is the force that pulls all objects in the universe toward one another. In NOT down

Force Vocabulary Terms Position Motion Speed Force Inertia Velocity Gravity Mass(kg) Friction Acceleration 9 m/s Simple Machine Fulcrum Pulley Wheel & Axle Screw Wedge Inclined Plane Lever

What do we call a pull or push of any kind?

Force

What do we call a force that resists motion between objects that are touching?

Friction

What do we call the measure of an object’s change in position during a unit of time?

Speed

What do we call the location of an object?

Position

What do we call the force of attraction between Earth and other objects?

Gravity

What do we call a change of position of an object?

Motion

What do we call the property of matter that keeps an object at rest or keeps it moving in a straight line?

Inertia

What do we call a machine with few or no moving parts that you apply just one force to?

Simple Machine

What do we call a simple machine that is a slanted surface?

Inclined plane

What do we call a simple machine made of two inclined planes placed back-to-back?

Wedge

What do we call a simple machine made of a wheel and an axle that turn together?

Wheel & Axle

What do we call a simple machine made of a wheel with a line around it?

Pulley

What do we call a simple machine made of a post with an inclined plane wrapped around it?

Screw

What do we call a simple machine made of a bar that pivots on a fixed point?

Lever

What do we call the fixed point on a lever?

Fulcrum