Notes on Unit 3 The Road to Revolution

French and Indian War Called “Seven Years War” in England. War between France and England that began in 1754 Britain won and these were the results: Britain gained Canada Britain gets Ohio River valley Britain gets Florida from Spain (because they allied with the French) France loses all land in North America **The huge debt Britain had led to increased taxes on the colonies and eventually the American Revolution

Proclamation of 1763 Set Georgia’s southern border at the St. Mary’s river and western border at the Mississippi River. Forbid anyone from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains

Stamp Act Passed in 1765 to raise money for the French and Indian War Taxed newspapers, legal documents, and licenses Greatly opposed by many colonists The Georgia Gazette (1st Newspaper was shut down)

Intolerable Acts A group of 4 laws passed by Great Britain in response to the patriots actions They closed the port of Boston, forbid the people from having a town meeting, British soldiers would be tried in Great Britain if they committed a crime, and the people were required to house and feed British soldiers at their expense In 1774, all the colonies, EXCEPT Georgia, met at the 1st Continental Congress to protest these laws

Boston Massacre

Boston Tea Party

1st Continental Congress Held in response to Intolerable Acts Decision was made to boycott trade with Great Britain Georgia was the only colony that did not send representation because: Smallest and youngest colony Relied on Britain for defense and economic support

1st Political Cartoon Created by Benjamin Franklin Georgia is missing….Why? What does the cartoon mean?

The Big Question http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/story/big_questi on Name 3 of the laws or acts that the British parliament passed that were seen as unfair by the citizens of the colony. What was the colony in the North that seemed to be the center of the rebellion and whose people were referred to as “hotheads”? What were the names of two groups that were rebelling against British authority? Why did some of the colonists support British rule? What do you think might have happened to the Georgia colony if the citizens had not joined the rebellion against Great Britian?

2nd Continental Congress Petitioned king to stop hostile actions Formed 1st Continental Army with George Washington as commander Held in response to growing conflicts with the King. “Taxation with Representation” No response to boycott of trade with Britain Wrote and signed the Declaration of Independence.

Declaration of Independence Passed by the Second Continental Congress Signed by 3 Georgians Declared independence from Great Britain and that the 13 colonies were 1 nation Primary Author was Thomas Jefferson Intro.- Preamble Body- Complaints against King Conclusion- US is a separate Nation

Button Gwinnett Represented Georgia at the Second Continental Congress Signed the Declaration of Independence Killed in a duel with another politician Our county is named after him

Lyman Hall Was the first person sent to represent GA to the 2nd Continental Congress Signed the Declaration of Independence Was declared an “enemy of the crown” after signing the Declaration of Independence Has a county in GA named after him

George Walton Represented Georgia at the Second Continental Congress Signed the Declaration of Independence Youngest signer of the Declaration of Independence

The Liberty Boys http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/story/liberty_boys Who was the governor of the colony during this time period? What was the name given to those who were loyal to Great Britain? What was the name given to those who supported the idea of separation from Great Britain? What did the Stamp Act require of the colonists? What was the argument of the colonists against this act? What was the name of the rowdy group of young men who were opposing British rule? When and where were the opening battle of the Revolution fought?

Patriots Citizens who were ready to break free from England and form their own nation, also called Whigs (ex. Liberty Boys or Liberty Brawlers)

Loyalists People who were loyal to the king during the revolution, also called Tories or the “King’s Friends”

Battle of Kettle Creek The first real victory for the Georgia militia over the British Not a major battle, but important to lifting the morale of Georgians Gained weapons and horses from the British

Elijah Clarke Led the Georgia militia to victory in the Battle of Kettle Creek a county in GA is named after him (the smallest one in the state)

Austin Dabney A black man who fought with Elijah Clark at the Battle of Kettle Creek Saved Elijah Clarke’s Life.. Received land after the revolution as compensation for his service, but it was debated since he was black

Nancy Hart A Georgia Heroine of the revolution who has many legends about her While 5 British soldiers were in her house, she killed 1 and held the others at gunpoint Example of the Revolutionary spirit in GA The only county in GA named after a woman is named after her

Siege of Savannah http://www.gpb.org/georgiastories/story/sa vannah_under_attack When was the Battle of Savannah fought? Name two countries (allies) who supported the colonists in the battle. How did the colonists first attempt to defeat the British? What were three advantages the colonists were supposed to have when they attached the British? Did the colonist actually win the battle?

Siege of Savannah In 1779, a combined French and American force attacked Savannah (controlled by the British) Nearly 1000 men died and the Americans lost. The city remained in the hands of the British for 3 ½ more years

Georgia Colony Proprietary Colony Trustee Colony to Royal Colony A colony run by group of people and run like a business (ex. Trustees) Trustee Colony to Royal Colony Trustee Colony was governed by the Trustees Royal Colony was governed by the king, through an appointed governor.

Revolutionary War TimeLine Lexington and Concord Started the Revolutionary War “Shot Heard Around The World” Saratoga Turning point of the War Acquired needed supplies from British Yorktown Last Battle of Revolutionary War Official surrender from General Cornwallis to George Washington Treaty of Paris of 1783 Official end of Revolutionary War

Map of Timeline events Saratoga Lexington and Concord Yorktown Kettle Creek Siege of Savannah

The end of war is near!?

Key Georgia Politicians Reynolds, Ellis, Wright (Royal Governors) Lyman Hall, Button Gwinnett, George Walton (DOI signers from GA) Noble Wimberly Jones Most outspoken politician that favored Independence Elected as the Speaker of the Georgia Colonial Assembly