6:3 Integumentary System Name for the skin and its structures Called an organ because it contains several kinds of tissues Called a system because it has organs and other parts that work together for a particular function Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Layers of the Skin Epidermis: Outer most layer Contains no nerve cells or blood vessels Dermis: Layer underneath the epidermis Contains blood & lymph vessels, nerves, sweat & oil glands, and hair follicles Subcutaneous or Hypodermis: Innermost layer of the skin Connects the skin to underlying muscles Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Glands and Other Parts of the Skin Sudoriferous Glands: Sweat glands Aids in maintaining body temperature Sebaceous Glands: Oil glands Produce sebum, an oil that keeps the skin and hair from drying out Sebum: oily, antibacterial & antifungal substance that helps prevent infections Hair: Grows through the skin through a shaft called a follicle Nails: Made up of dead epidermal cells packed tightly together to make a thick covering for the nail beds. Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Functions Protection: Barrier to UV light & acts as a barrier to pathogens Sensory perception: Nerves in the skin help the body to respond to pain, pressure, heat, & cold Regulation of body temperature: Blood vessels in the skin dilate to cool the body and constrict to hold heat in Storage: Acts as a temporary storage for fat, glucose, H2O, vitamins, and salt Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Continued Absorption: Can absorb “transdermal” medications Excretion: Helps body eliminate salt & excess H2O through perspiration Production: Aids in the production of Vitamin D Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Skin Color – Pigmentation Melanin: Brownish/black pigment Can absorb UV light to tan the skin Freckles: concentrated areas of melanin Carotene: Yellowish/red pigment Albino: Absence of color pigments Skin appears pink Hair is yellow to white Eyes appear red and are very sensitive to light Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Skin Color – Abnormal Erythema Reddish color Caused by sunburn or congestion of blood vessels Jaundice Yellow discoloration Usually indicates gallbladder or liver disease Cyanosis Blue discoloration Associated with heart, lung, and circulatory diseases Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Skin Eruptions Macules: flat spots on the skin (freckles) Papules: firm raised areas on the skin (pimples) Vesicles: blisters or fluid filled sacs Pustules: pus-filled sacs (acne) Crusts: scabs Wheals: itchy, elevated areas (hives & insect bites) Ulcer: deep area of skin loss Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Papules Vesicles Macules Scab Ulcer Pustules Wheals Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Diseases and Abnormal Conditions Acne vulgaris: Inflammation of the sebaceous glands Athlete’s foot: Fungal infection usually affects the foot Cancer: Frequently develops from a mole or prolonged exposure to the sun, tanning beds, chemicals or radiation Dermatitis: Inflammation of the skin caused by allergic reactions or exposure to an irritant poison ivy or other irritants Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Disease and Abnormal Conditions (continued) Eczema: Non-contagious condition that results in dry, itchy patches on the skin Impetigo: High contagious skin condition caused by strep or staph infection. Psoriasis: Non-contagious inherited skin disease that causes thick, red areas covered with scales Ringworm: Highly contagious fungal infection that results in a circular area of itchy, scaly skin Verrucae or warts: Caused by a virus Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. eczema impetigo acne psoriasis warts Skin Cancer ringworm Copyright © 2004 by Thomson Delmar Learning. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.