EQ: What are the structures & functions of the 4 biomolecules?

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Presentation transcript:

EQ: What are the structures & functions of the 4 biomolecules? Page 50 EQ: What are the structures & functions of the 4 biomolecules? EQ: How are large complex molecules formed from simple organic molecules?

Basic Vocabulary Organic – pertaining to life Bio - living Mono – 1 Poly – many Macro – large Monomer – small subunit Polymer – large molecule created by connecting monomers together

Biomolecules = Polymers = Organic Molecules = Macromolecules Basic Vocabulary Biomolecules = Polymers = Organic Molecules = Macromolecules

Chemistry Review Energy is stored in chemical bonds Bond Forming Bond Breaking Energy is required to combine two atoms, and that energy is stored in the bond. That stored energy is released when the bonds are broken. ENERGY ENERGY

All about Carbon! Carbon forms covalent bonds with up to 4 other atoms Carbon-based molecules have 3 basic structures: Straight Chain Branched Chain Ring

-Carbohydrates -Lipids -Proteins -Nucleic Acids All about Carbon! Carbon-based molecules are called organic molecules. Our body needs these organic molecules to survive, & we get these from the food we eat. The 4 biomolecules are: -Carbohydrates -Lipids -Proteins -Nucleic Acids

Carbohydrates Monosaccharide Disaccharide Polysaccharide Structure Elements: Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O) 1C:2H:1O Ratio; 2 H atoms for every 1 atom of C and O Monomer Simple Sugar called a monosaccharide Glucose (Monosaccharide) Monosaccharide Disaccharide Polysaccharide (starch, cellulose, glycogen)

Carbohydrates Function Carbs are the main energy source of your body Broken down in the mitochondria (during cellular respiration) to release ATP Some carbs are used for cell structure Cellulose (polysaccharide) is a major component of plant cell walls Examples Simple Carbs: white bread, white rice, syrup, soda, cake Complex Carbs: starchy veggies like corn & potatoes, green veggies, whole grains, brown rice, beans, nuts

Show What You Know: Carbohydrates Which is bigger – disaccharide or polysaccharide? How do you know? 2. How are carbs used in the body? 3. What elements make up a carb? 4. Give 2 examples of a carbohydrate..