World History: Unit 3, Chapter 8, Section 1 Life in the Industrial Age 1800-1900: Advances in Technology

Main Idea The technological breakthroughs of the Industrial Age included advances in electric power, transportation, and communication.

Electric Power: Thomas Edison’s Lightbulb 1831-English chemist Michael Faraday discovered connection between magnetism and electricity leading to the first generator 1879-Edison developed first usable lightbulb was the result of many hours of trial and error in his Menlo Park, New Jersey laboratory made generators, light sockets, motors and other electrical devices built first central electric power plant in New York City

Electric Power: Effects Transformed industry in both U.S. and Europe in 3 important ways: Factories no longer had to rely on steam engines to power machines No longer had to depend on waterways to power the steam engines Production increased with less reliance on sunlight Question column- How did electric power affect industry and daily life? In the home, electricity was cheaper and more convenient than candles, gaslights or oil lamps

Trains efficient steam engines led to trains and steamships, while the internal combustion engine led to cars and airplanes early 1800s, boats on canals and rivers carried heavy loads 1830: world’s first rail line connects Manchester and Liverpool 1840: U.S. had 3,000 miles of RR track in the east Late 1850s: Bessemer Process improved steel making 1860: 30,000 miles of track linked major American cities, lowering the cost of goods Question column-What advances in transportation occurred during the industrial age?

Steamships 1849: regular U.S. service began, west coast to east 1870: mechanical improvements changed ocean travel making it economically viable

The Automobile 1885: Carl Benz and Gottlieb Daimler developed a 3 wheeled vehicle 1908: Henry Ford began working on affordable cars using mass production to produce the Model T a year later, a carburetor 1920: the Model T made up 40-50% of U.S. car production

The Airplane December 17, 1903: Wilbur and Orville Wright flew 120 ft. at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina the first powered flight in human history

Communication The Telegraph: invented by Samuel Morse in 1837 with the aid of electricity; invented language known as Morse Code The Telephone: invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876 The Radio and Phonograph: Radio invented by Italian Physicist Guglielmo Marconi in 1895; phonograph by Edison Question column- What were the advances in communication, and how were they achieved? first phone call- “Mr. Watson, come here I want to see you.”