Review – 9/7 1. What group of people is Pocahontas a part of? 2. Who are the two groups fighting in this movie? 3. Why are these two groups fighting?

Native Americans

Native Americans Before 1492 CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA Maya: 250-900 Guatemala Aztec: 1200-1492 Mexico Taken over by the Spanish (Hernan Cortes) Inca: 1200 South America

NORTH AMERICA Algonquin: East Apaches: Plains Navajo: Southwest Iroquois League: East 6 Native American tribes united together for mutual protection against outsiders

Native American Culture Land Land cannot be bought or sold Land = life Religion The world was full of spirits

Family Family was the most important part of culture

Jobs Division of labor: the job you had was based on: 1. Gender (if you’re a boy or girl) 2. Age 3. Status (your place in your culture)

Many Native Americans were nomadic: did not settle, moved around

West Africa

QUIZ ON FRIDAY! Native Americans The Continents What continent Native Americans live on? Other names for Native Americans Name ONE group of Native Americans The Continents Which continent we live on Which continent Africans are from Which continent Europeans are from

West Africa Before 1492 Ghana Controlled trade in Africa (Trans-Saharan trade) Gold, salt, and slaves were the most popular trade items Mali Like European countries because one king ruled one area

West African Culture Family Based around families (____________) Oldest family members in charge Religion Nature full of spirits, even things Were alive 1 big creator

Jobs Farming/hunting/fishing Trading Used slave labor Land was by the village together, not just one person Trading Used slave labor

Enslavement of West Africans Europeans began to buy West African to use as slaves West African slaves worked on sugar plantations in the Americas Plantation: ________________________________________________ West Africans Europeans

Triangular Trade Trade of ideas, goods, and people between the Americas, Africa, and Europe that began in the 1500s

The Middle Passage The Middle Passage was part of Triangular Trade when many Africans were shipped to the Americas. 2 million slaves died on the boats Boat ride was 1-6 months long

Warm Up – 9/9 1. What continent do we live on? 2. The first Americans were called____. 3. Which 2 continents did the first Americans live on? 4. What continent are Europeans from?

Europeans

Europeans Culture Family Nuclear family: parents and children Religion Christianity Religion was so important that Europeans sent missionaries to make other people Christians too

European Exploration Europeans started exploring the Americas One of the first Europeans to the “New World” is Christopher Columbus

Spanish

Spanish Empire in the Americas Spanish conquistadors (conquerors) came to the Americas Europeans wanted to explore because God, Gold, and Glory

New Spain Hernan Cortes was a conquistador who took over the Aztecs Who were the Aztecs? European Native American African Cortes and the Spanish conquered the empire because they had luck Lots of Native Americans died once they met Europeans – why? ____________________

New Spain In place of the Aztec empire, Cortes built a new colony called New Spain Spain forced their culture on the Native Americans Most of the settlers (people who moved there) were men

Native Americans in New Spain Native Americans were slaves in the encomienda system Native Americans were forced to farm for Spanish on plantations

French

French Colonists in the Americas Why did the Europeans explore the Americas? G________ France came for the money, Spain did not Most of their money came from the fur trade To get to the furs, they explored west France had more land but less people than the British and Spanish colonies Called New France

Native Americans in New France The French treated the Native Americans as trading partners What did they trade? _________ Natives were not slaves in New France There were less conflicts between the natives and the French than between the natives and the Spanish

NEW SPAIN NEW FRANCE

Columbian exchange

Banana (Europe) Sweet Potato (North America) Citrus Fruits (Europe) Tobacco (North America) Coffee Beans (Europe) Tomato (North America) Grains (wheat, rice, barley, oats) (Europe) Turkey (North America) Grape (Europe) Vanilla (North America) Horse (Europe) Avocado (North America) Olive (Europe) Corn (North America) Onion (Europe) Peanut (North America) Peach & Pear (Europe) Peppers (North America) Pig (Europe) Pineapple (North America) Sheep (Europe) Potato (North America) Turnip (Europe) Pumpkin (North America) Sugar Cane (Europe) Squash (North America)

Columbian Exchange Portuguese sail to West Africa  Europeans and Africans interact Bring African slaves over to “New World”  Africans and Native Americans Columbus sails to “New World”  Europeans and Native Americans interact Columbian Exchange = introduction of new plants and animals to Europe, Africa, and the Americas.