Ancient Rome Rome: located in modern Italy

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Presentation transcript:

Ancient Rome Rome: located in modern Italy Peninsula- which prevented most invasion Rome ruled by wealthy Etruscan family until they were overthrown by the people who declared Rome a republic! Republic = representative government Began as a Republic in 509 B.C.E.

Roman Republic Distinctive division between citizens and non-citizens, those with no civil rights Some of the people voted to elect political leaders Both patricians (wealthy) and plebeians (less wealthy class) could vote Executive and Legislative branch of government Executive: Office of Consul took care of day-to-day operations Legislative: Senate and Assembly of Centuries Made laws for the republic Only males of the patrician (aristocratic class) could hold political office How is this similar to our political system in the United States today? Different?

Roman Law The Twelve Tables: 12 bronze tablets engraved with Roman law and placed throughout the republic so the law could be applied to ALL Roman legal concepts are reflected in later Western civilization legal documents and traditions right to a "trial by a jury of your peers“ idea of “innocent until proven guilty“ right to “equality before the law“

Augustus Caesar 27 B.C.E. to 14 C.E. Took power away from the Senate and became the sole lawmaker Ended the representative government of the republic & transitioned Rome to an empire Began a period of peace in Rome known as the “Pax Romana” a time of advanced education, architecture, and religion This peace lasted for 200 years!

Roman Empire Senate remained but the emperor (and large bureaucracy) held the power Under imperial rule, Rome thrived economically and an aristocratic class of large landed estate owners developed How was the Roman Empire different than the Roman Republic? Which was a better way to govern?

Roads The Romans built thousands of miles of road to connect the entire empire.

Aqueducts The Romans were the first to build aqueducts. The provided running water, indoor plumbing and a sewer system Allowed rural areas more access to water and plumbing

Monumental Structures One of the things the Romans are most famous for is their architecture. A lot of new ideas in architecture the arch baked brick use of cement and concrete. Roman architecture inspired the design of the U.S. Capitol building!

Roman Government US Government Executive Branch: President Enforce laws Legislative Branch: Congress (House of Representatives and Senate) Makes laws Written Legal Code US Constitution Roman Government Executive Branch: Office of Consul Enforce laws Legislative Branch: Senate and Assembly of Centuries Makes laws Written Legal Code Twelve Tables