Topic B - Factors affecting Human Growth and Development B1: Nature/Nurture debate related factors B2: Genetic factors that affect development B3: Environmental factors that affect development B4: Social factors that affect development B6: Major life events that affect development B5: Economic factors that affect development

B5: Economic factors that affect development Economic factors are all the aspects of life related to money, including; Educational achievements Our jobs How we choose to live The amount of money we make Poverty trap Premature death Ill health Ability to pay bills Reduced opportunities Social exclusion Poor eating habits What do we already know about the impact of low income?

B5: Economic factors that affect development Income and expenditure Definition: a persons level of income and personal wealth Lack of income may mean not being able to afford: Clothing Food Housing Bills Those who cannot afford these basics are deemed as living in absolute poverty. What could the social impacts be of having low income? People who can afford basic resources but not much else are known as relative poverty. Social exclusion Discrimination (marginalisation) Poverty trap Gang culture Poor self confidence and esteem

B5: Economic factors that affect development Income and expenditure Where does a persons weekly income go? Accommodation Food Clothes Bills Income mainly comes from: Wages from employment Profits from your business if you are self-employed Benefits paid by the government Money from invested wealth, such as interest on bank accounts or bonds Money raised through the sale or rent of property you own. Did you know! Although food banks provide food, many of those food are processed including tinned soup, meat, puddings and pasta sauce rather than fresh produce! Which could cause long-term risks with deficiency in fibre, calcium, iron and vitamins. Who is likely to be on low income? Lone-parent families Unemployed people Older people Sick people or people with disabilities Families with single earners Unskilled couples (where only one of the couple works, and in unskilled employment).

B5: Economic factors that affect development Employment status Employment status: whether a person is employed or not (manual or non-manual, part time or full time and future prospects. Manual workers: The more physical jobs usually done by people, which is often poor paid as it does not require high levels of qualifications. Non-manual workers: A person whose job involves the use of their mind, rather than the use of their hands or physical strength. Often higher paid requiring academia. Activity – Independent Task Employment status Research the impact of the following job types on income(WAGE)/ wellbeing(HEALTH) Waiters and waitresses Cleaners

B5: Economic factors that affect development Education Education and economics: the stage of education reached, educational opportunities and achievements. Complete the following sentences based on what you already know about income. You must include 3 points which can be either positive or negative. People with few or no qualifications are likely to… People with a good education are likely to… Activity – Independent Task Education Research the UK poor and wealthy areas by qualifications (which areas have higher or lower levels?) Research how social pressures and peer groups can impact on an individuals education.

B5: Economic factors that affect development Lifestyle and Health Lifestyle and health: being able to afford a healthy diet or access to service and choices which affect finance. Your lifestyle represents the way you choose to spend your time and money. To some extent, your lifestyle is something that you choose. Many people never actively choose a lifestyle, it happens because of the stress of life events or economic pressure and it can be difficult to change without support. Activity – Independent Task Lifestyle Research the following lifestyle choices and provide examples f the positive and negative impacts of each: Diet, Exercise, Use and misuse of substances (alcohol, drugs, tobacco)

Diet, Exercise, Use and misuse of substances (alcohol, drugs, tobacco) Activity – Independent Task Employment status Research the impact of the following job types on income(WAGE)/ wellbeing(HEALTH) Waiters and waitresses Cleaners Activity – Independent Task Education Research the UK poor and wealthy areas by qualifications (which areas have higher or lower levels?) Research how social pressures and peer groups can impact on an individuals education. Activity – Independent Task Lifestyle Research the following lifestyle choices and provide examples f the positive and negative impacts of each: Diet, Exercise, Use and misuse of substances (alcohol, drugs, tobacco)