Systematic Review Proposal Increasing Breastfeeding Duration with Nursing Interventions in the Early Postpartum Period Andrea Eden Shingleton, RN, BSN

Statement of the Problem Nationally Association of Women’s Health, Obstetrics and Neonatal Nurses American Academy of Pediatrics Center for Disease Control and Prevention U.S Department of Health and Human Services Healthy People 2020 goals Globally World Health Organization and UNICEF Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding

Public Health and Breastfeeding Reference: Bartlick, M.(2015).Is Breastfeeding already saving lives?

Purpose Based on research Evaluate all potential interventions Find the most effective interventions Assist in the development of standards of practice

Significance Existing research Positive social change Hospital practices and polices Nursing practice Build ownership Positive social change Empower Nurses Endorse a healthy behavior

Research Questions and/or Hypothesis What nursing interventions in the early postpartum period are associated with increased duration of breastfeeding for healthy full-term infants? Null hypothesis: Nursing interventions have no association with breastfeeding duration.

Research Methodology Systematic Review Inclusion and Exclusion criteria Quantitative studies Odds Ratios for each intervention Inclusion Criteria Exclusion Criteria Breastfeeding Peer-reviewed Breastfeeding promotion Published articles Breastfeeding duration Developing countries Infant feeding Healthy full-term newborns Hospital practices Early postpartum period Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative Nursing practices Ten Steps of Breastfeeding Success English Prior to 1998

References American Academy of Pediatrics. (2012). Executive summary: Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Retrieved on May 26, 2016, from https://www2.aap.org/breastfeeding/files/pdf/Breastfeeding2012ExecSum.pdf Association of Women’s Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses (AWHONN). (2014). Breastfeeding position statement. JOGNN, 44, 145-150.doi: 10.1111/1552-6909.12530 Baby Friendly USA. (2016). Find facilities. Retrieved on May 26, 2016, from https://www.babyfriendlyusa.org/ Bartlick,M., Stuebe, A., Shealy, K., Walker, M. & Grummer-Strawn, L. (2009).Closing the quality gap: Promoting evidence-based breastfeeding care in the hospital. Pediatrics, 124 (4), e793-e802. Boland, A., Cherry, G., & Dickson, R. (2014). Doing a systematic review: A student's guide. SAGE Publications. Kindle Edition. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2008). Breastfeeding-related maternity practices at hospitals and birth centers: United States, 2007. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 57(23), 621– 625. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2011). Vital signs: Breastfeeding. Retrieved on June 3, 2016, from http://www.cdc.gov/vitalsigns/breastfeeding/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013). Strategies to Prevent Obesity and Other Chronic Diseases: The CDC Guide to Strategies to Support Breastfeeding Mothers and Babies. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. (2014).Birth data. Retrieved on June 5, 2016, from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/births.htm Declerq, E., Labbok,M., Sakala, C., & O’Hara, M. (2009). Hospital practices and women's likelihood of fulfilling their intention to exclusively breastfeed. Amer J of Pub Health, 99(5), 929-935. Dulon, M., Kersting, M., & Bender, R. (2003). Breastfeeding promotion in non-UNICEF-certified hospitals and long-term breastfeeding success in Germany. Acta Pædiatrica, 92, 653-358.doi. 10.1080/08035320310001572 Eidelman, A. & Schanler, R. (2012). Breastfeeding and the use of human milk. Pediatrics, 129 (3), 827-41. doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-3552 Ip, S., Chung, M. R., Chew, P., Magula, N., DeVine, D., & Trikalinos, T. (2007). Breastfeeding and maternal and infant health outcomes in developing counties. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Rockville, MD: U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services. United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (2015). Breastfeeding. Retrieved on May 26, 2016, from http://www.unicef.org/nutrition/index_24824.html U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services. (2010). Healthy People 2020. Washington, D.C.: Office of Disease Pevention and Health Promotion. World Health Organization. (2016). Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative. Retrieved May 26, 2016, from http://www.who.int/nutrition/topics/bfhi/en/