Copy the notes below into your notebook on the next available page: April 1st, 2013 DO NOW: Copy the notes below into your notebook on the next available page: For evolution by natural selection to happen, there must be: 1. Variation 2. Heritable Traits 3. Natural Selection Dendroica coronata coronata

Copy the definition below into your glossary Notes cont’d: Copy the definition below into your glossary Natural Selection: organisms that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce; the environment “chooses” who lives and who dies. Dendroica coronata coronata

-Watch a video about Charles Darwin. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Q. How do natural biological processes result in the development of new species? OBJECTIVES: -Watch a video about Charles Darwin. -Take two-column notes on the Finches of the Galapagos Islands.

Video NOVA: What Darwin Never Knew

2 Column Notes -You will read GALAPAGOS FINCHES: Famous Beaks -In your notebook on page , you will complete 2-column notes as outlined in the reading. -CLASS SET ALERT!!! DO NOT WRITE on the Article

DO NOW Date: APR 2nd and 3rd 2013 Q. How do natural biological processes result in the development of new species? Describe an organism that is closely related to snakes?  Explain why you believe they are related.

-Adaptations Practice. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Q. How do natural biological processes result in the development of new species? OBJECTIVES: -Adaptations Practice. -Watch Planet Earth Videos and determine how Environmental changes will affect species.

Adaptive Advantages Complete the handout on your own first. Once completed, compare and discuss your answers with a partner.

Planet Earth We will watch 4 clips As you watch the clips fill in the information on your sheet including: -Species -Environment -Adaptations After the clip, compare your information with your group.

Planet Earth Once the clip is over, you will be given an environmental change. Determine which species is most likely to survive, and what adaptations must occur in that species to ensure its survival. Fill in your explanation on your sheet, and prepare to present, as a group, your predictions.

The Arctic Polar bears 1 Polar Bears 2

The Arctic Environmental change: Global warming has cause all of the arctic ice to melt leaving open ocean where there was once hard ice to walk and hunt on.

African Desert Elephant vs. Lion

African Desert Environmental Change: Weather patterns begin to change resulting in large amounts of rain year round.

Deciduous Forest Wasps

Deciduous Forest Environmental Change Drought causes the trees to produce far less acorns, and the ones that are produced are half the size.

Antarctic Fur Seals and Penguins

Antarctic Environmental Change: There is no change. Discuss what adaptations could occur if the environment stays the same.

Presentation Expectations Presenters: Speak clearly and loudly Audience -Listen Quietly -Decide whether you agree or disagree -When presentation is over, you may be called upon to share your thoughts

1. Adaptation 2. Population 3. Variation April 4th and 5th DO-NOW On your Do Now Sheet, match the vocabulary word to the correct example.. 1. Adaptation 2. Population 3. Variation Picture A Picture B Picture C

-Adaptations Practice. ESSENTIAL QUESTION: Q. How do natural biological processes result in the development of new species? OBJECTIVES: -Adaptations Practice. -Watch Planet Earth Videos and determine how Environmental changes will affect species.

Engage When the Galápagos were first formed, there were no plants or animals on the islands. In your comp book, write about some ways that plants and animals from South America could have found their way to these rocky islands. Be prepared to share!

Galapagos Islands

DO NOW Tape in Handouts onto next two pages in composition book, and add Title. Investigation: Finch Beaks Investigation: Finch Beaks Dendroica coronata coronata Pg 16 Pg 17

Expectations: Investigation: Finch Beaks Backpacks under desk Read directions carefully and complete the investigation Most questions will be answered using Qwizdom remote system Stay at your table; do not wonder around the room. Return materials exactly as you found them Handle materials carefully to avoid accidents Dendroica coronata coronata

Lg. Picture Beak Depth (cm) Lg. Picture Beak Depth (mm) Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 1: Measuring Beak Variation Using the ruler, measure the depth of 6 different finch beaks in centimeters (cm) Ground Finch Lg. Picture Beak Depth (cm) Lg. Picture Beak Depth (mm) Real Beak Depth (mm) ex. Finch 0000 10.5 cm 105.0 mm 10.5 mm Finch 1075 Finch 2666 Finch 5560 Finch 3527 Finch 5026 Finch 1999 Dendroica coronata coronata

Lg. Picture Beak Depth (cm) Lg. Picture Beak Depth (mm) Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 1: Measuring Beak Variation 2. Convert measurements into millimeters (mm) by multiplying by 10 Ground Finch Lg. Picture Beak Depth (cm) Lg. Picture Beak Depth (mm) Real Beak Depth (mm) ex. Finch 0000 10.5 cm 105.0 mm 10.5 mm Finch 1075 Finch 2666 Finch 5560 Finch 3527 Finch 5026 Finch 1999 Dendroica coronata coronata

Lg. Picture Beak Depth (cm) Lg. Picture Beak Depth (mm) Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 1: Measuring Beak Variation 3. Convert to real beak depth by multiplying by 10 Ground Finch Lg. Picture Beak Depth (cm) Lg. Picture Beak Depth (mm) Real Beak Depth (mm) ex. Finch 0000 10.5 cm 105.0 mm 10.5 mm Finch 1075 Finch 2666 Finch 5560 Finch 3527 Finch 5026 Finch 1999 Dendroica coronata coronata

Part 1: Measuring Beak Variation Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 1: Measuring Beak Variation Questions: 1) What was the size of the largest real beak? A) 8.5 mm B) 9.8 mm C) 10.9 mm D) 11.5 mm 2) What was the size of the smallest real beak? A) 7.8 mm B) 6.8 mm C) 8.9 mm D) 8.5 mm   3) Do you think this small variation in beak size could affect a finch’s survival? Yes No Dendroica coronata coronata

Part 2: Battle of the Beaks Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 2: Battle of the Beaks 1. Use the ruler to measure and record the depth of the small and large beaks Small Beak Size= _______mm LARGE Beak Normal Year Predicted Winner Trial# 1 Trial# 2 Total Drought Year Trial #1 Trial #2 Dendroica coronata coronata

Part 2: Battle of the Beaks Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 2: Battle of the Beaks Slowly poor the small and large seeds on the island (paper Plate) Predict which beak will be better at picking up seeds during a normal year Small Beak Size= _______mm LARGE Beak Normal Year Predicted Winner Trial# 1 Trial# 2 Total Drought Year Trial #1 Trial #2 Dendroica coronata coronata

Part 2: Battle of the Beaks Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 2: Battle of the Beaks One person will have the small beak, the other the large beak. You will have 30 seconds to pick up as many seeds as possible and place them in your stomach Small Beak Size= _______mm LARGE Beak Normal Year Predicted Winner Trial# 1 Trial# 2 Total Drought Year Trial #1 Trial #2 Dendroica coronata coronata

Part 2: Battle of the Beaks Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 2: Battle of the Beaks Count the number of small and large seeds and record your data for trial 1. Small Beak Size= _______mm LARGE Beak Normal Year Predicted Winner Trial# 1 Trial# 2 Total Drought Year Trial #1 Trial #2 Dendroica coronata coronata

Part 2: Battle of the Beaks Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 2: Battle of the Beaks Repeat and collect data for trial 2. Small Beak Size= _______mm LARGE Beak Normal Year Predicted Winner Trial# 1 Trial# 2 Total Drought Year Trial #1 Trial #2 Dendroica coronata coronata

Part 2: Battle of the Beaks Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 2: Battle of the Beaks Place 3 small seeds and all the large seeds on the island for the Predict which beak will be better at picking up seeds during a Drought year Small Beak Size= _______mm LARGE Beak Normal Year Predicted Winner Trial# 1 Trial# 2 Total Drought Year Trial #1 Trial #2 Dendroica coronata coronata

Part 2: Battle of the Beaks Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 2: Battle of the Beaks One person will have the small beak, the other the large beak. You will have 30 seconds to pick up as many seeds as possible and place them in your stomach Small Beak Size= _______mm LARGE Beak Normal Year Predicted Winner Trial# 1 Trial# 2 Total Drought Year Trial #1 Trial #2 Dendroica coronata coronata

Part 2: Battle of the Beaks Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 2: Battle of the Beaks 11. Count the number of small and large seeds and record your data for trial 1. Small Beak Size= _______mm LARGE Beak Normal Year Predicted Winner Trial# 1 Trial# 2 Total Drought Year Trial #1 Trial #2 Dendroica coronata coronata

Part 2: Battle of the Beaks Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 2: Battle of the Beaks 12. Repeat and collect data for trial 2. Small Beak Size= _______mm LARGE Beak Normal Year Predicted Winner Trial# 1 Trial# 2 Total Drought Year Trial #1 Trial #2 Dendroica coronata coronata

Part 2: Battle of the Beaks Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 2: Battle of the Beaks Questions: 4) Which beak size was more successful during a normal year? A) Small B) Large C) Both did well   5) Which beak size was more successful during a drought year? Dendroica coronata coronata

Part 2: Battle of the Beaks Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 2: Battle of the Beaks Questions: 6) How did a change in the environment affect which beak size collected more food? The drought left mostly large seeds, which could only be picked up by the small beak The change in the environment did not affect which beak could pick up more seeds The drought left mostly small seeds, which could only be picked up by the small beak The drought left mostly large seeds, which could only be picked up by the large beak   Dendroica coronata coronata

Part 2: Battle of the Beaks Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 2: Battle of the Beaks Questions:   7) Based on the theory of natural selection, how should the population of medium ground finches change during a drought year? The population will decrease and those that survive will have small beak The population will increase and beak variation will also increase The population will decrease and those that survive will have large beaks The population will most likely go extinct Dendroica coronata coronata

Part 3: Survival on Daphne Major Island Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 3: Survival on Daphne Major Island 2. Graph the seed data onto the seed abundance graph. Dendroica coronata coronata

Part 3: Survival on Daphne Major Island Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 3: Survival on Daphne Major Island 3. Graph the finch data onto the Finch Population Graph. Dendroica coronata coronata

Part 3: Survival on Daphne Major Island Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 3: Survival on Daphne Major Island Questions: 8) During what month and year was the seed abundance the highest? A) January 1977 B) July 1976 C) January 1976 D) July 1978   9) During what month and year was the seed abundance the lowest? A) January 1978 B) July 1977 C) January 1977 D) July 1978 10) During what month and year was the finch population the highest? 11) During what month and year was the finch population the lowest? Dendroica coronata coronata

Part 3: Survival on Daphne Major Island Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 3: Survival on Daphne Major Island Questions: 12) What is the relationship between the finch population and seed abundance? When more seeds are abundant, there are more finches When more seeds are abundant, there are less finches When less seeds are abundant, there are more small beaked finches When less seeds are abundant, there are more finches   Dendroica coronata coronata

Part 3: Survival on Daphne Major Island Investigation: Finch Beaks Part 3: Survival on Daphne Major Island Questions: 13) When they measured the drought survivors, they found that most were finches with big beaks. Why do you think bigger-beaked birds survived better than the smaller-beaked birds? Small-beaked finches moved to a different part of the island Bigger-beaked finches could eat the tougher seeds, while the small-beaked finches starved Small-beaked finches could find water as easily as large-beaked finches.   Dendroica coronata coronata