Laboratory glassware Dr. Ebtihaj Jambi

Test tubes The top often features a flared lip to aid pouring out the contents A test tube has either a flat bottom, a round bottom, or a conical bottom. usually made of glass for better resistance to heat and corrosive chemicals and longer life. such as borosilicate glass, can be placed directly over a Bunsen burner flame. Culture tubes for biology are usually made of clear plastic (such as polystyrene or polypropylene and are often discarded after use. Prepared contents. For example, a blue top tube is a test tube of 5 ml containing sodium citrate as an anticoagulant

Rack and tube holder

Pipette To transport a measured volume of liquid

Pipette Filler and automatic pipette

Beakers Stirring, mixing and heating liquids Beakers are generally cylindrical in shape, with a flat bottom. Most also have a small spout (or "beak") to aid pouring as shown in the picture. Beakers are available in a wide range of sizes Beakers are commonly made of glass borosilicate glass, but can also be in metal (such as stainless steel or aluminum) or certain plastics

Measuring cylinder A graduated cylinder used to accurately measure the volume of a liquid. Water displacement can be used to find out the volume of a solid. Graduated cylinders are generally more accurate and precise for this purpose than flasks and beakers. However, when it comes to volumetric analysis, the accuracy of a graduated cylinder is not sufficient, and a pipette is used instead.

Erlenmeyer flask (conical flask) a flat bottom, a conical body, and a cylindrical neck. The opening neck can be easily stopper using a piece of cotton wool, rubber bung. The conical shape allows the contents to be swirled or stirred during an experiment, either by hand or by a shaker The narrow neck keeps the contents from spilling out, reduces evaporative losses compared to a beaker.

Quickfit

Volumetric flask (measuring flask) A flask calibrated to contain a precise volume at a particular temperature. Used for precise dilutions and preparation of standard solutions. These flasks are usually pear-shaped, with a flat bottom, and made of glass or plastic. The flask's mouth is either furnished with a plastic snap/screw cap or fitted with a joint to accommodate a PTFE or glass stopper. The neck of the volumetric flasks is elongated and narrow with an etched ring graduation marking. The marking indicates the volume of liquid contained when filled up to that point.

Burette A vertical cylindrical with a volumetric graduation etched permanently on its full length and a precision tap, or stopcock with plug and bore, on the bottom. The commonly used stopcocks can be a ground-glass barrel or a plastic plug made of PTFE, depending on the liquid to be carried. It is used to dispense known amounts of a liquid reagent in experiments for which such precision is necessary, such as in a volumetric analysis. Burettes are extremely accurate, and have very small accuracy tolerances.

Funnel A pipe with a wide conical mouth and a narrow stem. It is used to channel liquid or fine-grained substances into containers with a small opening. Without a funnel, spillage would occur.

Stirring rod (glass rod) To mix chemicals and liquids for laboratory purposes. They are usually made of solid glass, about the thickness and slightly longer than a drinking straw, with rounded ends. Made of borosilicate (commonly known as pyrex).

Chemical hazard sign

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