Constitutional Convention 1787
Original Plan = Amend the Articles of Confederation
Representation and process
Who are the Delegates? All states (except Rhode Island) Majority were lawyers Half had fought against the British in the Revolutionary War Most Southern delegates owned slaves
Who are the Delegates? Cont. Oldest – Benjamin Franklin Youngest – Alexander Hamilton Persuaded by James Madison to replace the existing plan of government
CONFLICT Representation Slavery Trade
1. Compromise over representation
Which do we choose? Plans for Government Virginia Plan New Jersey Plan Bicameral legislature Number of representatives the same based on population. *Would benefit large states: New York, Virginia, Massachusetts Modified the Articles of Confederation make central government strong Congress: single house – equal representation Which do we choose?
Connecticut Compromise Great Compromise **Two Houses of Congress** 1- House of Representatives Size of Population 2 - Senate Equal Representation
2. Compromise over slavery
Three-Fifths Compromise Slaves would be counted for taxation & representation Every 5 slaves would count as 3 persons.
3. Compromise over trade
Controversy over Trade Congress controlled trade Farmers afraid of taxation on exports & banning of slave trade **MAIN ECONOMY** Decision: Congress COULD NOT tax exports Could not ban the slave trade until 1808 Could not impose high taxes on the import of enslaved persons