Hepatitis virus Herpes virus Virus DNA Hepatitis virus Herpes virus

Characteristic Hepatitis Virus

Hepatitis virus Produce acute inflammation of the liver In Chronic active hepatitis : Histologic change from inflammation and necrosis to collaps of the normal reticulum framework with bridging between the portal triads or terminal hepatic vein Resulting in a clinical illness Fever Gastrointestinal symptoms: nausea, vomite Jaundice

Hepatitis B

Replication of hepatitis B virus

Virus Hep-B HBV establishes chronic infection Major factor in the evantual development of liver disease and hepatocelluler carcinoma Transmission modes and response to infection is vary Depending on the age at time of infection Infant: during infancy,from infected household contact  chronic High-risk group

High-risk group infected by HBV Parenteral drug abusers Health care personnel Multiply trasfused patients Organ transplant patients Hemodialysis patient and staff Newborn infant to mother with Hep-B etc

HBV HBsAg can be detect: How HBV transmit to other person? Saliva, nasopharyngeal washing, semen, mestrual fluid, vagina secretion, blood How HBV transmit to other person? HBeAg + in carrier person  assumed all the body fluids is infectious Precaution: vaccination Laboratory feature: Interpretation of HBV serologic markers

Clinical and serologic event HBV

Herpes Viruses Ability : Frequent reactivation: A large virus establish lifelong persistent infections in their host To undergo periodic reaction Frequent reactivation: in immunosupressed patients cause serious health complications May be clinically quite different from the primary infection A large virus

Herpes simpleks virus Extremely widespread in human population Broad host range Able to replicate in many types of cells Grow rapidly and highly cytolytic Common recurrences Two distinct HSV: HSV type 1  spread by contact (often saliva) HSV type 2  transmitted sexually or maternal genital infection to a newborn

HSV… HSV-1 : site latency at trigeminal ganglia HSV-2: site latency at sacral ganglia How the virus enconter the host? Mucosal surface or broken skin the clinical finding for HSV infection Oropharyangeal infection Keratokonjunctivitis Genital herpes Skin infection Encepalitis Neonatal herpes

Laboratory finding Stain (giemsa stain) PCR serology Scraping base of vesicle  multinucleated giant cell PCR serology

Varisella zozter virus Highly contagious disease, chiefly of children Characterized clinically: Generalized vesicular eruption of the skin and mucous membranes A rash limited in distribution to the skin innervated by a single sensory ganglion may be severe in adult and immunocompromised children

Pathogenesis varisella:

Varisella zozter virus Acute skin lesion Also acute inflammation of the sensory nerves and ganglia Induce vesicle formation Often only single ganglion may be involved Distribution skin lesion corresponds closely to the areas of innervation from an individual dorsal root ganglion It is not clear what trigger reactivation of latent varisella-zozter virus in ganglia

Varisella-zozter virus symptom malaise, fever, rash start from trunk,then face, limb, buccal, paryngeal mucosa In 5 days: develop hundreds skin lesion Zozter Start with severe pain in the area of skin or mucosa Few days after: vesicle appears over the skin supplied by the affected nerves Complication: post herpetic neuralgia

Laboratory finding Tzanck smear: Rapid diagnostic prosedure: Scraping or swab based of vesicle Rapid diagnostic prosedure: Viral DNA/virus specifis antigen in vesicle fluid, skin scraping, or biopsy material Cell culture

Therapy and prevention The efectivity of antiviral: For immunosuppresed patients, halt progression The prevention: vaccin

Cyto Megalo Virus (CMV) Largest genetic content in herpesvirus Very spesies-spesific and cell type-specific Replicate in vitro inhuman fibroblast Infect intrauterin congenital anomalies Most CMV infection is in subclinical Clinical: An infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome  cell enlarged Severe infection in immunosuppressed

patology

CMV How virus transmission Laboratory diagnosis? What are the treatments?