Volume 7, Issue 12, Pages 1226-1234 (December 2015) Relationships Between Capsular Stiffness and Clinical Features in Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder  Sang Yoon Lee, MD, Kyu Jin Lee, PhD, Won Kim, MD, Sun G. Chung, MD, PhD  PM&R  Volume 7, Issue 12, Pages 1226-1234 (December 2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.05.012 Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Typical pressure-volume curve of a patient obtained during intra-articular hydraulic distension. The slope of the second phase (from P1 to P2) was considered the capsular stiffness (Kcap). P1 = pressure at the starting point of phase II; P2 = pressure at the ending point of phase II. PM&R 2015 7, 1226-1234DOI: (10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.05.012) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Comparisons of the capsular stiffness (Kcap) according to Hannafin stages of adhesive capsulitis. *P < .05 by post hoc test using Fisher least significant difference. PM&R 2015 7, 1226-1234DOI: (10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.05.012) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Scattergrams showing relationships among the 4 range of motion (ROM) variables and capsular stiffness (Kcap). Filled squares with dotted lines and open triangles with dash-dot lines represent the scatter plots with trend lines of men and women, respectively. Bold black lines with statistical values are trend lines for the whole patients. PM&R 2015 7, 1226-1234DOI: (10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.05.012) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 Comparisons of capsular stiffness (Kcap) according to presence of diabetes status. PM&R 2015 7, 1226-1234DOI: (10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.05.012) Copyright © 2015 American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Terms and Conditions