Formation, Mining, and Use of Minerals Cornell Notes Page 133

Naturally occurring Inorganic REVIEW: What do we know about how minerals are made? (Think about the characteristics of minerals…) Naturally occurring Inorganic NOT made by humans, plants, or animals!

How do Minerals form? In Magma and Lava Minerals crystallize in the liquid rock. Different Minerals begin forming crystals at different temperatures- this causes them to separate out into pure samples.

How do Minerals form? In Magma and Lava If magma cools quickly, crystals don’t have time to grow. The slower the magma cools, the bigger the crystal can grow!

In Water Elements and compounds dissolved in water crystallize as the water evaporates

Why do we need minerals? We eat minerals to stay healthy- iron, calcium, salt We use minerals for building and construction- gypsum is used to make dry wall, iron is used to manufacture steel. Minerals like copper and gold are used in appliances and electronics.

What are the two groups of Minerals? Silicate Minerals chemical composition with a combination of Silicon and Oxygen  Quartz: SiO2 Quartz = SiO2

Nonsilicate Minerals Do NOT contain a combination of silicon and oxygen. Fluorite = CaF2 Ex.) Gold, Silver, Diamond, Copper

45 seconds to Discuss… How are Silicate Minerals and Nonsilicate Minerals different?

How do we get minerals?

Ore: type of rock containing enough minerals to be mined for profit. How do we get minerals? Ore: type of rock containing enough minerals to be mined for profit. Surface Mining Open pits, surface coal mines, and quarries.

Subsurface Mining Passageways are dug into the Earth to reach the ore. Minerals are located too deep to be mined with surface mines.