Special Update For DSM-5 Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury Psychology Sixth Edition Special Update For DSM-5 Chapter 12 Social Psychology Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

Table 12.1 Common Attributional Biases and Explanatory Patterns Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

Figure 12.1 The Components of Attitudes An attitude is a positive or negative evaluation of an object, person, or idea. An attitude may have cognitive, emotional, and behavioral components. Figure 12.1 The Components of Attitudes Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

Figure 12.2 How Cognitive Dissonance Leads to Attitude Change When your behavior conflicts with your attitudes, an uncomfortable state of tension is produced. However, if you can rationalize or explain your behavior, the conflict (and the tension) is eliminated or avoided. If you can’t explain your behavior, you may change your attitude so that it is in harmony with your behavior. Figure 12.2 How Cognitive Dissonance Leads to Attitude Change Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

Figure 12.3 The Line Judgment Task Used in the Asch Conformity Studies In Asch’s classic studies on conformity, subjects were asked to pick the comparison line that matched the standard line. Figure 12.3 The Line Judgment Task Used in the Asch Conformity Studies Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

Table 12.2 Factors That Promote Conformity Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

Table 12.3 The Learner’s Schedule of Protests in Milgram’s Obedience Experiment Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

Table 12.4 The Results of Milgram’s Original Study Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

Figure 12.4 Factors That Decrease Destructive Obedience By systematically varying his basic experimental design, Milgram identified several factors that diminish the likelihood of destructive obedience. In this graph, you can see the percentage of subjects who administered the maximum shock in different experimental variations. For example, when Milgram’s subjects observed what they thought were two other subjects disobeying the experimenter, the real subjects followed their lead 90 percent of the time and refused to continue. Figure 12.4 Factors That Decrease Destructive Obedience Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

Table 12.5 Resisting an Authority’s Unacceptable Orders Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers