3.6 NOTES Sources and Uses of Metals

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Presentation transcript:

3.6 NOTES Sources and Uses of Metals

C.2 Sources and Uses of Metals Human needs for resources must be met by what is available on earth Figure 2.15 on page 134 details the layers of the Earth

Layer Thickness Composition Atmosphere 100 km N2: 78%; O2: 21%; Ar: .9%; He + Ne: <.01%; variable amounts H2O, CO2, etc Hydrosphere 5 km H2O; 3.5% NaCl; Mg, S, Ca, ions Lithosphere 6400 km: Crust Top 40 km Silicates, coal, carbonates, oxides, sulfides Mantle 40-2900 km Silicates of Mg and Fe Core 2900 km to center Fe, Ni

Atmosphere Composition: N2, O2, Ne, Ar, H2O, CO2 Purpose: provide gases and allows us to breathe

Hydrosphere Composition: mostly H2O and dissolved minerals Purpose: provide H2O and minerals.

Lithosphere Composition: crust - surface; mantle - middle layer; core - center Purpose: provide ores and petroleum

Ores Definition – naturally occurring rock that can be mined and is profitable to extract minerals from it. Minerals: Definition – naturally occurring solid compound that contains a compound or group of metals of interest.

The earth can be compared to an apple The crust is similar in thickness to the skin The rest of the apple makes up the mantle and core

True or False: Resources are evenly distributed across the world Discuss Certain areas have more minerals than others Unequal distribution has been a major source of division because of the value of these areas of where there are lots of resources.

Iron

Gold

Copper

There are many things to consider when choosing a site to mine Amount of useful ore. Percentage of metal in the ore. Geology/Geography Distance from mine to refining location Distance to market Environemental impact Type of mining and Equipment

Copper has many properties that make it a desirable material. Second to silver in Conductivity Somewhat low cost, malleable, corrosion resistant, It is ductile

Ores used to have a much higher percentage of copper. Mining techniques were not very advanced Today miners are able to extract copper from ores with as little as 1% Cu The life cycle of copper molding Ore  copper metal (molten)  Uses Reduction casting recycled copper