Energy Year 2017 District Heating 16.2.2018 Finnish Energy

Temperature corrected district heat demand, TWh District heat consumption 33,2 TWh (year 2017) temperature corrected consumption 35,7 TWh 16.2.2018

Monthly district heat demand 16.2.2018

Energy sources of district heat

Energy sources for district heat supply 2017 CO2-neutral 45% (42% v. 2016) Forest fuelwood, industrial wood residue, other biofuels, recovered heat Renewable 36% (34% v. 2016) Forest fuelwood, industrial wood residue, other biofuels Domestic 62% (60% v. 2016) Forest fuelwood, industrial wood residue, other biofuels, recycled heat, peat Delivered heat 36,2 TWh Recovered (recycled) heat: energy that would otherwise go to waste Other biofuels: includes also the bio share of municipal waste Other: non-bio share of municipal waste, plastic or hazardous waste, electricity. 16.2.2018

Fuels for district heat and cogeneration Peat has increasingly been replaced by biomass. More than 30 per cent less peat is now used compared to around ten years ago. Recycled heat can be likened with renewable energy while fuel consumption is avoided by making use of surplus heat. 16.2.2018

Renewable fuels in the production of district heat and cogeneration In municipalities where district heating is provided 70 per cent of heat comes from renewable fuels or waste heat 90 per cent of heat comes from domestic energy sources. Renewable fuels used in producing district heat are e.g. forest fuelwood, industrial wood residue, bio share of municipal waste, biogas, biofuel oil. 16.2.2018

Recycled heat in district heating Fuel consumption can be avoided by making use of surplus heat. Heat can be recovered from flue gases, sewage water etc. The amount of recycled heat has almost trebled at 2010’s. 16.2.2018

Fuels for district heat and cogeneration: comparison between 2005 and 2016 - from fossil fuels towards biomass and recovered heat Year 2005 Year 2016 16.2.2018

CO2 emissions

CO2-emissions from district heat production Carbon emissions from district heat production have fallen by 26% during this decade. The emissions amounted to 149 grams per kilowatt hour year 2017 which was 4% lower than a year before. Sources: Statistics Finland (2000...2014) Finnish Energy (1976...1999, 2015…2017) 16.2.2018

Greenhouse gas emissions from the energy sector 16.2.2018

Steps towards minimizing coal burning in energy sector: investments and investment decisions 2008-2013 Kotka, Espoo, Lahti, Vaasa Waste-to-energy power plants, natural gas-fired power plants 2013-2018 Vaasa, Porvoo, Vantaa, Turku Biomass- and waste-to-energy power plants 2019 Vantaa, Lahti Biomass heating plants 2020’s Helsinki Demolition of Hanasaari coal power plant Vantaa Coal-free production at 2020’s Espoo Carbon neutral by the end of 2020’s 2030’s Commitment to carbon neutrality Vaasa 2030 Helsinki 2035 16.2.2018

Market share of space heating

Market share of space heating Heat pump: includes the electricity consumption of heat pumps Electricity: includes the electricity consumption of heat distribution equipment and electric sauna stoves Wood: includes the wood used by sauna stoves Source: Statistics Finland 16.2.2018

Market shares in new buildings District heating is the most popular method of heating in new buildings. 16.2.2018

Number of new district heating customers and disconnection from district heat Total amount of district heating customers 152 000 (year 2017) The number of new customers 1.5 per cent The number of disconnections 0.1 per cent 1.4 million district heated dwellings 2.8 million residents in district heated houses 16.2.2018

District heat prices, energy taxes

Real price of district heat Corrected with cost-of-living index, 1. 1 Share of taxes (excise tax of fuels and VAT) 29% (year 2017) Average price for district heat 7,6 Eurocent/kWh (2017) 16.2.2018

Prices of fuels used for district heat (index, January 2004 = 100) 16.2.2018

Energy taxes Fuel taxes in district heat production, taxes in electricity prices 16.2.2018

District cooling

District cooling: delivered energy and connected load Energy companies which sold district cooling 2017 Fortum Power and Heat Oy Helen Oy Jyväskylän Energia Oy Lahti Energia Oy Lempäälän Lämpö Oy Pori Energia Oy Tampereen Sähkölaitos Oy Turku Energia Oy Vierumäen Infra Oy 16.2.2018

District cooling production 2017 90% of district cooling energy is produced from energy sources that would otherwise be unutilized. Same heat pumps often produce both heat and cooling energy the cooling water is cooled and the district heating water is warmed up in the same process. District cooling also utilizes the energy of sea, lake and rivers as well as outdoor air whenever the temperature is low enough. 223 GWh 16.2.2018