Amphibians Review #1

Membrane that blinks to keep amphibian eyes moist on land and closes to cover the eye when swimming under water. Nictitating membrane Deoxygenated blood returning to the heart from the body enters the _________________ from the sinus venosus. Right atrium

These are located in the frog’s skin and help to keep it moist Mucous glands The multi-purpose cavity that receives waste from the digestive system, urinary bladder, and sperm and eggs from the reproductive system before exiting the body. cloaca

Frogs belong to the Kingdom : Phylum: Animalia Sub Phylum: Class: Order: Animalia Chordata Vertebrata Amphibia Anura

Cold blooded organisms with moist, thin skin, webbed feet, a 3-chambered heart, that undergo metamorphosis from a larval to adult stage are called ____________________ Amphibians Oxygenated blood returning to the heart from the lungs enters the _________________ Left atrium

Respiratory organ found in the larval stage of amphibians gills Name the parts of the brain starting at the spinal cord and moving toward the nose. Medulla oblongata Cerebellum Optic lobes Cerebrum Olfactory lobes

Thin fan-like membrane that holds the digestive organs in place. mesentery The upper portion of the small intestine closest to the stomach is called the ___________________ duodenum

Cutaneous respiration involves exchanging gases through the ______________ skin Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called ____________________. arteries

Match the brain part to its function: Controls involuntary body organs ___________________ Higher thinking & learning _______________ Processes info about vision & hearing _______________ balance & motor coordination ____________ Processes info about smell _______________ Medulla oblongata cerebrum Optic lobes (tectum) cerebellum Olfactory lobes

Pulmonary respiration uses this body organ. lungs The eardrum in a frog is called the __________________ Tympanic membrane

Name the body system for each organ: oviducts kidneys olfactory lobes lungs Skin Reproductive Excretory Nervous Respiratory Integumentary/Respiratory

Number of chambers in an amphibian heart 3 Tail-less amphibians like frogs and toads belong to the order _______________ Anura “An = without uro = tail”

Digestive organ that produces bile for the small intestine. Hormone made by the thyroid gland that controls metamorphosis Thyroxin Digestive organ that produces bile for the small intestine. liver

The digestive organ where nutrients are absorbed from digested food. Small intestine Frogs use positive pressure breathing. They move air in and out by raising and lowering the _______________________ Roof of their mouth

Area of the brain for higher thinking that is responsible for learning, memory, and reasoning cerebrum Small bone that extends between the tympanic membrane and the inner ear Columella

Match the part with its function: Make bile __________________ store bile __________________ place where bile is used __________________ respiratory organ in tadpoles _______________ makes trypsin _________ liver Gall bladder Small intestine (duodenum) gills pancreas

Conus arteriosus A valve in the _________________ prevents mixing of the high oxygen and low oxygen carrying blood Blood leaving the heart travels through the pulmonary ______________ to the lungs. arteries

Match the part with its function: Processes nitrogen waste for the kidneys __________________ removes nitrogen waste from blood and makes urine __________________ removes worn out blood cells __________________ respiratory organs in adult frogs _______________ excretory organ in adult frogs _____________ liver kidneys spleen Skin & lungs kidneys

Type of circulatory system in a frog Closed Open stomach Acids in the _______________ helps to break down food.

Match the part with its function: Regulates ion/water concentrations in blood __________________ stores urine __________________ concentrates & collects digestive waste _____________ receives urine, feces, & sperm or eggs _____________ makes insulin and glucagon _________ kidneys urinary bladder Large intestine cloaca pancreas

Conus arteriosus Sinus venosus    Body organs   RIGHTAtrium Follow the path of blood in the frog circulatory system. Sinus venosus    Body organs   RIGHTAtrium LEFT Atrium  Lungs       Conus arteriosus  Ventricle 

Name two respiratory organs in adult frogs Lungs and skin external Fertilization in frogs is _______________ External internal

Tell where each mouth opening leads to: Eustachian tubes internal nares glottis gullet ears External nares Respiratory (lungs) Digestive (esophagus)

Food stored in the _______________ is used during hibernation and estivation. fat bodies The teeth located on the roof of the frog’s mouth between the internal nares are called __________________ teeth. vomerine

Small sac located on the under the right lobe of the liver that stores bile. Gall bladder TRUE or FALSE Blood traveling to the lungs in the pulmonary arteries is HIGH in oxygen. FALSE It’s going to the lungs to pick up oxygen.

Main excretory organ in an ADULT frog Kidneys Process by which frogs lie dormant through the winter. hibernation

Match the part with its function: Covers eye under water __________________ stores food for hibernation/estivation _______________ Coiled portion of small intestine ________________ between duodenum and large intestine Pumps blood _______________ eardrum _____________ Nictitating membrane Fat bodies ileum ventricle Tympanic membrane

Largest artery leaving the heart Aorta Tell one way frog circulation is different from a fish Frogs: Fish: 3 chamber heart 2 chamber heart 2 loops 1 loop

Gradual change in form which occurs during the life of an amphibian metamorphosis This organ makes, stores, and processes red blood cells spleen

Openings in the roof of the mouth that connect to the external nares (nostrils) Internal nares Ribbon-like structure located in the mesentery between the stomach and the upper intestine pancreas

Name the 2 parts of the frog circulatory system that carry BOTH oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. Ventricle and Conus Arteriosus Process by which amphibians lie dormant through a hot, dry season. estivation

Explain how AMPLEXUS helps reproduction in frogs. With amplexus, sperm and eggs are released at same time and in the same place so it increases chance of fertilization deuterostomes Frogs are _____________________ that deuterostomes protostomes means their blastopore becomes their _____________ mouth anus anus

vertebrates Frogs are _________________. vertebrates invertebrates Thyroxin is made by the _________________. Thyroid gland

Excretory organs in a TADPOLE Kidneys & gills Tell one way adult frog circulation is like a fish BOTH: Closed circulation have conus arteriosus & sinus venosus ventricle pumps blood have arteries, veins, & capillaries

SUBSTANCE MADE BY? FUNCTION? BILE TRYPSIN GLUCAGON INSULIN THYROXIN Breaks down FATS LIVER Breaks down PROTEINS PANCREAS Causes cells to release stored glucose PANCREAS Causes cells to store glucose PANCREAS THYROID GLAND Controls metamorphosis

The medulla oblongata controls Higher thinking internal organs muscle coordination smell Internal organs The part of the systemic circulation in which blood circulates from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart is called _________________ circulation. PULMONARY

Number of loops in the circulatory system of amphibians Region of the frog brain which receives info from the eyes is the _______________ lobe Optic Number of loops in the circulatory system of amphibians 2 loops; one to lungs and back one to body systems and back

Organ which produces eggs The blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the lungs is the _______________ Hint: think about what circulation to the lungs is called and what blood vessels that leave the heart are called! Pulmonary artery Organ which produces eggs Ovary

Opening to the digestive system in the back of the throat Gullet The circulatory system in which blood flows from the heart to the body systems and back to the heart is the ________________ circulation. Systemic

Teeth located along the upper jaw Maxillary Blood returns to the left atrium from the lungs in the _______________ __________. Pulmonary veins

Match the function with the body part Bone between eardrum and inner ear _____________________ Controls higher thinking, learning, reasoning, etc. ______________________ Vessels that carry blood away from heart ________________ nostrils _________________ Teeth on roof of mouth _______________ Receives blood returning to heart from lungs ______________________ columella cerebrum arteries External nares vomerine Left atrium

Organ that produces sperm Testes Tube that carries eggs from the ovary to the cloaca. Oviduct

LABEL THE PARTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM Carries blood from heart to lungs and back to heart Carries blood to liver Carries blood to kidneys Carries blood to heart itself Carries from heart to body organs and back to heart PULMONARY HEPATIC RENAL CORONARY SYSTEMIC

The portion of the brain closest to the spinal cord in a frog. Medulla oblongata Eardrum in a frog Tympanic membrane

Tube that carries eggs from the ovary to the cloaca. Structure where eggs are stored before being laid is the ______________ Uterus Tube that carries eggs from the ovary to the cloaca. Oviduct

These yellowish fingerlike structures store fat for hibernation and times with little food. Fat bodies

This reproductive structure in females makes eggs ovary

Match the function with the body part Controls motor coordination & balance _____________________ Opening to lungs ______________________ Controls body organs ________________ Eardrum _________________ Respiratory organ in tadpoles _______________ Receives blood returning to heart from body ______________________ cerebellum glottis Medulla oblongata Tympanic membrane gills Sinus venosus

endocrine The thyroid gland belongs to the __________________ system. During periods of extreme cold amphibians undergo a dormant time called ________________. endocrine hibernation

These structures located near the kidneys make sperm testes

Digestive, excretory, reproductive Name the 3 body systems that share the cloaca exit cavity. During hot, dry periods amphibians can undergo a dormant time called _________________. Digestive, excretory, reproductive estivation

Match the function with the body part Makes bile _____________________ Stores bile ______________________ Makes trypsin & other digestive enzymes ________________ Protects the eye underwater ________________ Respiratory organ in tadpoles _______________ Receives sperm/eggs, urine, & digestive waste _________________ liver Gall bladder pancreas Nictitating membrane gills cloaca

Match the function with the body part Place where bile & trypsin are used _____________________ Upper part of small intestine ____________________ Coiled part of small intestine ________________ Absorbs nutrients ________________ Respiratory organ in adult frogs _____________ & __________ Small intestine duodenum ileum Small intestine Lungs skin

cutaneous ________________ respiration involves breathing through skin. Adult amphibians release their nitrogen waste in the form of _______ which is diluted with water to make urine. urea

Tell 2 things that have to change INSIDE a tadpole as it becomes an adult. Switch from breathing with gills to breathing with lungs & skin switch from excreting ammonia to urea add a chamber to heart add a loop to circulatory system Switch excreting nitrogen waste through gills & kidneys to just kidneys

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