Essential Information US History

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Presentation transcript:

Essential Information US History Cold War

Cold War With World War 2 over, the US and Russia were the two world superpowers. This started the Cold War between American democracy and Russian communism. It was called the Cold War because there was never any real fighting; just a psychological war. The world was now divided into two main camps. The US with its idea of democracy pitted against the communism of Russia. Through a series of meetings (Yalta & Potsdam) the US, Russia. England and France decided on the boundary’s and territories to be established after WW2. This would help cause the Cold War.

McCarthyism The fear of communism became so strong that the US government lead by Senator Joseph McCarthy began official investigations which started witch hunts for Communist sympathizers.

United Nations Immediately after the war the United Nations was started. Its purpose is to settle international disputes, fight disease and end hunger. This time the US joined and took its place as a true superpower involved with the rest of the world.

Truman Doctrine (containment) Realizing that the countries now controlled cannot be changed the US started a policy of “containment”. This was designed to stop communism from spreading more. It became know as the “Truman Doctrine”.

Marshall Plan In order to stop countries from becoming communist, secretary of state George Marshall set up a plan to pump up economies of the countries that had been devastated by war. The “Marshall Plan” was very successful and helped to contain communism.

Berlin Blockade & Airlift As a response to the creation of West Germany, the communists blocked the supply lines into West Berlin. The Berlin Airlift flew supplies into the city for the next nine months. This helped show the world that the democracies would not give into the communists.

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Another strategy was the creation of NATO (North American Treaty Organization) which was a defensive alliance of free countries against Russia. If one was attacked, then all the others would come to its defense.

Korean War Because of communist aggression into North Korea, the US got involved in the Korean War. It was considered a police action sanctioned by the United Nations. After three years of fighting a truce was declared and to this day no peace treaty had been signed. General McCarthur, who lead American troops in the Pacific during WW2 was in charge of Korea. He came into conflict with President Truman over what should be done. Truman using his power as Commander In Chief fired McArthur.