Measuring Telecom Services Telecom Regulatory Authority of India Measuring Telecom Services By Asit Kadayan Advisor (QoS) Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) 25th October 2017

Telecom Regulatory Authority of India INDIA: Telecom Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) 22 License Service Areas (LSAs) 12 Mobile operators in a LSA 8 Mobile operators present in 19-22 LSAs Wireless Subscriber base of more than 1.18 Billion and growing with quarterly growth rate of 1.5% Tele-density of 92% Internet Subscribers 431 Millions 95% of Internet subscribers are from wireless networks DELHI 2G 3G 4G LSA Subs. (Millions) Market share (%) Metros 120 10% Circle 'A' 413 35% Circle 'B' 474 40% Circle 'C' 179 15% Urban Teledensity 173% Rural Teledensity 57%

India’s Context Regulatotry, Licensing and Legal Framework 22 LSAs, Roaming scenarios within country, Spectrum availability, Network Densification, RoW issues About 410 Million Data subscribers: 127 (GSM), 1.4 (CDMA), 121 (3G), 159 (4G) 1.5 Million Base Stations: 0.7 Million (2G), 0.35 Million (3G), 0.5 Million (4G) Monthly Data Usage 1.5 Exabytes: 0.04 (2G), 0.26 (3G), 1.22 (4G) Data Network, 98% on Wireless Networks, Broadband >512 kbps, Content from outside country Avg. data usage per subscriber is 3.9 GB: 0.3 (GSM), 3.7 (CDMA), 2.2 (3G), 8 (4G) Monthly ARPU about 1 USD, 0.25 USD from data services Level of Market Competition in Internet 8-10 Mobile Operators in LSA and several other operators (Cable, FTTH)

Revenue and Usage (April-June 2017) Gross Revenue (GR) during the quarter: Rs. 64,889 Crores Adjusted Gross Revenue (AGR) during quarter: Rs. 39,778 Crores Share of PSU in Access AGR: 11.26% Monthly Average Revenue Per User (ARPU): rs. 83.41 Revenue to Government License Fee Spectrum Usage Charges

Interconnect Usage Charges (IUC) IUC are wholesale charges payable by a TSP to another TSP, for terminating or transiting/carrying a call from its network to the network of the receiving TSP. The IUC mainly consists of termination charges, origination charges and carriage/transit charges. Wireless to wireless 14 paise per minute International incoming call to wireless and wireline 53 paise per minute domestic carriage charge as 35 paise per minute. The two most commonly used methods for estimation of domestic termination charges are (i) Fully Allocated Cost (FAC) Method and (ii) Long Run Incremental Cost (LRIC) Method. LRIC also has variants such as LRIC+ Method and pure LRIC Methods.

QoS Data Network Related Data for Customer Service Quality Data Availability, Accessibility, Maintainability Collected as a part of PMR for 2G, 3G 2G Call Drop Rate is collected for QoS Analytics Portal Customer Service Quality Data Billing Credibility, Call Center Performance, Complaint resolution, Refunds Collected as part of PMR for 2G, 3G and Basic services Wireless Data Minimum Throughput, Average Throughput Collected as part of PMR TRAI MySpeed  

QoS Data From whom it is to be collected No. of Operators 12 TSPs e.g. Airtel, Vodafone, Idea, BSNL/MTNL, Tata etc. Some of these are exiting/ merging e.g. Quadrant, Vodafone, MTS, etc. From Where it is to be collected LSAs in operation 6 TSPs having Pan-India (22 LSAs) License, Others operating in few LSAs like BSNL in 21 LSAs, Telenor in 9 LSA, MTS in 6 LSA, MTNL in 2 LSAs Radio Access Technologies (RATs) deployed GSM, CDMA, WCDMA, LTE-TDD, LTE-FDD Some TSPs deployed all/ Most of RATs/ Few RATs/ One RAT RATs deployed varies LSA to LSA and may be operational at later stage  

Measurement & Evaluation License Service Area: …… TSP: ….. BTS ID Cell ID Jan-01 Jan-02 Jan-31 B-01 A 1.00% ........ B 0.50% C 0.80% B-02 3.20% 4.10% B-03 2.30% 0.90% 1.10% B-04 2.80% 2.40% 0.01% B-N BTS ID Jan-01 Jan-02 ........ B-01 0.77% 1.43% B-02 2.70% 1.74% B-03 B-04 B-N BTS ID CDR B-01 1.10% B-02 2.20% ........ 1st Averaging of cells to get BTS wise CDR 2nd Averaging of all days for BTS 3rd Averaging of all BTS for Monthly CDR Month CDR January 1.65% ........ Nos. of BTS= N Nos. of Cells= N x 3 Nos. of Cell-Days= N x 3 x 31 Large Data set Smaller Data set 4th and last Averaging of 3- Months to get Quarterly PMR BTS Count % Benchmark Value 2% Benchmark Value 2% Data Set size depends upon Nos. of BTS and also on on number of Days Call Drop Rate %

Table: DCR Data for a Cell arranged in Chronological order in Row Day-1 Days Day-i Day-90 Cell-1 Cells Cell-2 ……… Colour Pattern May change with changes in DCR BM BM: Benchmark DCR BM e.g. 2%, 3% Cell-j Cell-1000 Cells meeting BM Cells breaching BM May or may not be cells in adjacent area Cell-N Table: DCR Data for a Cell arranged in Chronological order in Row

Requires to meet target of 81% Requires occassional review BENCHMARKS Requires to meet target of 81% In case TSP achieves 2% DCR for Q(90, x) where x is <90 then Financial Disincentives In case x is > 95 then Financial incentives to be adjusted against future disincentives Requires occassional review To what extent performance was bad 9% 81% Top-Left-Region Top-Right-Region Q(90,90) Requires regular review % of Cell Days particular cell performed bad To what extent performance was bad Follow-up with TSPs 9% 1% Requires deeper understanding of the cause Very small % of total network To know situational Context Botttom-Left-Region Bottom-Right-Region

Crowd Sourced Data RF Drive Tests Network KPIs Other Crowd Sources (Voice) Passive App Voice Quality Feedback Environement Inputs Perceived Quality Feedback from selected users e.g. Community based approach IVRS based Survey/ Inputs Crowd Sourced Data Other Crowd Sources (Data) Passive App Data Speed Feedback Environement Inputs Regular feeddback from Railway/ Bus Coverage Maps Areas which are not sufficiently covered through other measures RF Drive Tests To corroborate observations Identified Problem Areas e.g. CRM, CDR Analysis Enhanced RF Drive Test including Active/ Passive Tests of Data and Voice Environement Inputs Network KPIs Outcome Unified Single View Service Oriented instead of Technology Oriented Observable Effects Vs. Expected Effects To correlate observations Identified Problem Areas Enhanced RF Drive Test including Active/ Passive Tests of Data and Voice Environement Inputs

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