Design of WWTP & Main Sewer Lines For Tubas Region Prepared by: Abed-Arahman Daraghmeh “Mohammad Anas” Bureeni Mohammad Sa’ed Mohammad Daraghmeh Supervisor: Dr. Abdel Fattah Hasan Saturday 7-1-2012 Project Design Civil Engineering

Overview: This project aimed to: Design of Wastewater Treatment Plant, which will treat “domestic wastewater”. Design of Main Sewer Trunk Lines. The study area include Tubas and surrounded villages: Aqqaba , Tammun , Tyaseir.

Purposes Of WWTP: 1. Protect the environment from the pollution. 2. Save water resources. 3. Use the treated waste water in agricultural application and others.

Why we choose Tubas: There are no sewage collection system, or WWTP. Tubas Governorate is an agricultural area, so the treated waste water can be used. Due to lack of water resources And due to political condition.

Location and climate of Tubas: 480mm 18-24 C RH 56%

Total Population in 2035 =137,000 persons Design equation: P=P0(1+ r)n Total Population in 2035 =137,000 persons

Location Of WWTP: We have three scenarios for Plant location : Scenario NO. Location of WWTP Areas connect by gravity to WWTP Areas connected by pump to WWTP Served area by treated W.W 1 Wadi AlFaria Tubas, Tammun, Aqqapa Tayasir 7,000 dunums 2 Tayasir zone 60%of Tubas, Aqqapa, Tayasir 40%of Tubas, Tammun 11,000 dunums 3 Tubas -Tammun Junction 13,000 dunums

The First Scenario

The First Scenario Aqqaba Tyaseir Tubas Map key : Tammun Served area 7000 dunums By Gravity By Pump Tammun

The Second Scenario Aqqaba Tyaseir Tubas Map key : Tammun Served area 11000 dunums Tubas Map key : By Gravity By Pump Tammun

The Third Scenario Aqqaba Tyaseir Tubas Map key : Tammun Served area 13000 dunums Map key : By Gravity By Pump Tammun The served area

Conclusion: The scenario which we choose is scenario (3) because of: 1. Large area to be served of treated waste water. 2. The location is away from the water resources. 3.One pump is needing, to complete the collection system

Design of Sewer lines Project Design Civil Engineering Sunday 18-12-2011 Project Design Civil Engineering

Major Topics 1- Sewer lines and manholes. 2- Design characteristics and design of sewage system. 3- Sewer cost.

Sewer lines and manholes 1- Used 330 manholes as part of the collection system. 2- The trunk main line sizes vary from (8 to 15) inch. 3- The collection piping lines are located under main roads and public right-of-way corridors to minimize the use of private easements.

a) Durable, hard to damage, and long lasting. Polyvinyl chloride a) Durable, hard to damage, and long lasting. b) PVC pipe doesn’t rust ,or wear over time. c) Its most commonly used in sewer lines, and used with diameter less than 500mm.

4- Used minimum cover 0.9m for diameter larger than 200mm, and the maximum cover should be less than 3.5 m. 5- sewer manholes and trunk lines are installed in accordance with all applicable PWA (Palestinian Water Authority) guidelines.

Design characteristics and design of sewage system. 1- Conveyance methods of sewage systems. A) By Gravity. B) By pump. 2- Design methods of sewage system. A) By the manual method . B) By software method.

The main characteristics for the design : 1- Velocity ( 0. 6-3. 5)m/s The main characteristics for the design : 1- Velocity ( 0.6-3.5)m/s. 2- Slope (0.008-0.17)m/m. 3- Increment of population are calculated by (number of houses expected to be drained to the manholes *average number of persons in house). 4- manning coefficient =0.015 .

Excel sheet results for Tammun

Results of sewer-Cad for Tubas pipe lines

pump results for Tayasir Shaft Power (KW) Flow rate (m3 / h) 6.3 21 9.5 32

Sewer Cost 1- Transportation 2- Installation of pipes and manholes, including backfilling ,asphalt and the necessary tests.

Total cost (NIS) Total length (m) Diameter (in) 5,531,200 13,828 8 486,680 1,058 10 306,230 565 12 2,206,128 3,116 15 8,530,238 18,567 Total

TECHNOLOGY SELECTION Project Design Civil Engineering Sunday 18-12-2011 Project Design Civil Engineering

TECHNOLOGY SELECTION Based on the above … There is no doubt that the Tubas municipality need treatment plant of wastewater for use in agriculture and others. However, should be selected appropriate technology for processing, so that the technology which be selected, should be available, cheap and somewhat easy to use.

TECHNOLOGY SELECTION

TECHNOLOGY SELECTION There are a lot of technology that could be comparable: 1- WSPs: ``` Advantages: high efficiency above 90% (√). simple to construct (√). Disadvantages: need large area (X). Odor release (X). RESULT: Because our area is limited, This technology is ignored Anaerobic pond BOD and SS removal Facultative pond BOD removal Maturation pond reduce No. of pathogens

WETLAND

TECHNOLOGY SELECTION 2- WETLANDS (two types): A-Natural wetlands. B-constructed wetlands. Advantages: Low operation cost (√). Excellent in small communities (where inexpensive land is available) (√) Disadvantages: Slow rate of operation (X). Need to large amount of area (X). because of limited area, this technology is ignored

TECHNOLOGY SELECTION 3- One stage activated sludge: container contain dissolved bacteria in water, work for BOD removal. This technology is highly efficient, but it needs more time than the time allowed for this technology(4< 14.6 > 8)hrs. therefore will be excluded from accounts.

TECHNOLOGY SELECTION 4 - One Stage Trickling Filter Low Efficiency. So ,this technology its not appropriate to use.

TRICKLING FILTEER MEDIA Stone Media with Slimes (Bacterial cells)

TECHNOLOGY SELECTION 5-Two stage trickling filter: two containers in series contain a bacteria lives at the surface of rock media (BOD removal). Cannot use this type, especially that there are problems in the accounts of BOD loading & hydraulic loading. RESULT: This technology its not appropriate to use.

TECHNOLOGY SELECTION 6- One & two stage Biological Towers: This type of technology can be used, but there is difficulty in finding the value of coefficient KT: reaction rate coefficient at T temperature as it requires empirical formula to find it. RESULT: This technology will be ignored.  

TECHNOLOGY SELECTION RESULT: this technology is ignored. 7- UASB With Activated Sludge : This type of technology can be used, but is not preferred for several reasons:  1- Emits Green Houses Gases such as CH4 and CO2. 2- Difficult operation and a high operating cost. 3- Needs to people with high expertise, and in our country it is difficult to find people with these specifications because this technology is modern. 4-   Technical anaerobic, toxic at low temperatures. RESULT: this technology is ignored.  

TECHNOLOGY SELECTION 8-Trickling filter with activated sludge (cont’d): After that time, we noted that in the activated sludge is not commensurate with the standards, it was necessary to develop a trickling filter unit prior to the activated sludge so as to reduce the time required. Time becomes equal to = (4 < 6.0 < 8) hrs.. OK RESULT: this option is appropriate, and there are no problems to construct it.

TECHNOLOGY SELECTION CONCLUSION: After viewing the above, We conclude that the best technology is trickling filter with activated sludge.

THE NEXT STEP IS DESIGN

WWTP Design Sunday 18-12-2011 Project Design Civil Engineering

Phases :- Three phases have been used 1-The first phase is to year 2035 2- The second phases is to year 2051 3-The third phases is to year 2060 Saturday 7-1-2012 Project Design Civil Engineering

Flow rate characteristics w.w.production = 100 l /c.d SS = 80 g/c.d BOD = 60 g/c.d At 2ndPhase flow rate = 27000 m³/day At the 1st Phase flowrate =13400m³/day At 3rd Phase flow rate = 40000 m³/day At year 2011 flow rate = 4700 m³/day Saturday 7-1-2012 Project Design Civil Engineering

wwtp Flowchart Project Design Civil Engineering ` ` ` ` ` ` ` Saturday 7-1-2012 Project Design Civil Engineering

Rack screen Project Design Civil Engineering Slop Depth Length Width No. 60° 1.5 m 15 m 0.75 m 1 + 1 standby Saturday 7-1-2012 Project Design Civil Engineering

Aerated grit chamber Project Design Civil Engineering Depth Length Width No. 3.5 m 5.5 m 3.6 m 1 + 1 standby Saturday 7-1-2012 Project Design Civil Engineering

Rectangular primary sedimentation tank Weir length slop Depth Length Width No. 49.2 m 1.35% 3.5 m 40 m 10m 2 Saturday 7-1-2012 Project Design Civil Engineering

Trickling filter Project Design Civil Engineering Efficiency Depth Diameter No. 75% 2.3 m 25 m 4 Saturday 7-1-2012 Project Design Civil Engineering

Rectangular intermediate sedimentation tank Weir length slop Depth Length Width No. 55.2 m 1.35% 3 m 44 m 11m 2 Saturday 7-1-2012 Project Design Civil Engineering

Completely mix activated sludge Efficiency Depth Diameter No. 80% 4.5 m 28 m 2 Saturday 7-1-2012 Project Design Civil Engineering

Rectangular secondary sedimentation tank Weir length slop Depth Length Width No. 68.8 m 1.35% 3 m 52 m 13m 2 Saturday 7-1-2012 Project Design Civil Engineering

Pump station Project Design Civil Engineering Tank dimensions depth length width 4 m 12 m Pump characteristics Efficiency Shaft power Total head No. 81.2 % 123 KW 66.6 m 2 + 1 standby Saturday 7-1-2012 Project Design Civil Engineering

WWTP Layout

Final Result Albeqa’a Area Area = 13000 Dunum Thank You