Chapter 10- Section 4 “Lincoln, Secession, and War” The Civil War Chapter 10- Section 4 “Lincoln, Secession, and War”

QOTD Who were the four candidates for President in 1860?

Lingering Issues in America John Brown’s raid Kansas Loss of confidence in Supreme Court Fugitive Slave Act

Jefferson Davis Senator from Mississippi 1860- attempted to pass resolution to restrict federal control over slavery

Election of 1860- Democrats Democrats meet in Charleston, NC Argued over slavery question Party splits in half

Election of 1860 Northern Dem- Stephen Douglas (Pop. Sovereignty) Southern Dem- John Breckinridge (spread slavery to territories

Election of 1860- Constitutional Union Whigs and Know-Nothings form Constitutional Union Party Nominate John Bell Defend the Union of States Gov’t should support slavery

Election of 1860- Republicans Abraham Lincoln Moderate- no interference with slavery in existing states But, slavery should not exist in new territories

Lincoln wins the election 40% pop. Vote, 60% electoral vote Breckinridge was favorite in South (cotton states)

Effects of the Election National political parties no longer exist Political parties divided America into sections North and South are separate political entities

Effects of the election South- outraged that Lincoln was elected with no southern votes Felt they had no voice in gov’t

The Union Collapses South Carolina secedes first Cited that Lincoln’s views were hostile to slavery 6 states follow in the coming weeks

Dates of Secession State Date of Secession South Carolina December 20, 1860 Mississippi January 9, 1861 Florida January 10, 1861 Alabama January 11, 1861 Georgia January 19, 1861 Louisiana January 26, 1861 Texas February 1, 1861 Virginia April 17, 1861 Arkansas May 6, 1861 North Carolina May 20, 1861 Tennessee June 8, 1861

The Union Collapses Southern States felt they had to secede in order to preserve their property and way of life

The Confederacy is formed 7 seceding states form the Confederate States of America Constitution closely resembled the US one Protected slavery, no new slaves from other countries

The Crittenden Compromise Final effort to come back together Allow slavery in western territories south of the Missouri Compromise line Federal funds to reimburse slaveholders for unreturned fugitives

The Union Falls Apart James Buchanan- “no authority to prevent secession” Secret peace conference in D.C. fails Delegates from the North and South

Lincoln takes office Inaugural Address- says he will not stop slavery where it exists Would preserve the Union “No state can lawfully leave the Union” No war unless South began it

Fort Sumter Southern states seized forts and arsenals Fort Sumter guarded Charleston, SC harbor Buchanan sent supply ship, turned back when Confederates fired

The Civil War Begins Lincoln takes office decides to resupply the fort again SC suspicious, demand Union troops surrender the fort

The Civil War Begins Union refuses, Confederates fire Lincoln calls for 75,000 volunteers Both sides believed this would be a short conflict