Civil War: True or False???? Fort Sumter, SC was the first battle of the war. The South’s strategy was the “Anaconda Plan.” The Emancipation Proclamation freed all the slaves in the country. Gettysburg and Vicksburg were important Confederate victories. The Gettysburg Address was about 2 minutes long and was given to encourage the fight against slavery. By 1863-1864, people were tiring of the war.

The War’s Final Stages By 1864 Union forces had the South surrounded. Union ships blocked the Confederate coast, reducing the trade goods getting out and supplies getting in. The Union also controlled the Mississippi River, cutting off the western Confederate states from those in the East.

The War’s Final Stages The South seemed ready to fall – if the Union could come up with the right plan of attack. General Ulysses S. Grant would be the one to draw up such a plan. We are finishing the Civil War today!!! Review tomorrow Mini- CFA on Wednesday

Get out a sheet of paper for notes! Title for notes End of the Civil War: 1864-1865

1864-1865: Bringing the War to an End

Bringing the War to an End At this point the situation is looking up for the United States with victories at Vicksburg and Gettysburg; but some people are tired of war and looking for a way to end it soon. Lincoln has served four years as President, one term. Will Lincoln be elected again or will the people vote for someone else? At this point the situation is looking up for the United States with victories at Vicksburg and Gettysburg; but some people are tired of war and looking for a way to end it soon. Lincoln has served four years as President, one term. Discussion: How do you think the election is going to go? Do you think people will reelect Lincoln or go with someone else? While Lincoln believes that it is important to keep fighting to bring the Southern States back what do you think his opponent believes?

Election of 1864 Democrats: (Former Union General) George McClellan Republicans: (President) Abraham Lincoln With the war raging and the fate of the country hanging in the balance, the 1864 election had particular significance. Abraham Lincoln sought reelection in his campaign against former Union General George B. McClellan. Image information: Left – Democratic Candidates Right – Republican Candidates

Election of 1864 Abraham Lincoln argued that the war must be won, the slaves freed, and the Union preserved at all costs. McClellan argued that the war had gone on long enough and that the South should be allowed to secede in order to save American lives. This meant that slavery would continue in the Southern states. Abraham Lincoln argued that the war must be won, the slaves freed, and the Union preserved at all costs. George McClellan argued that the war had gone on long enough and that the South should be allowed to secede in order to save American lives. This meant that slavery would continue in the Southern states.

Election of 1864 At this time in the war, many Americans asked why the war was being fought and whether it was worth it. At this time in the war, many Americans asked why the war was being fought and whether it was worth it. Image courtesy of the Library of Congress

Election of 1864 Activity Look at the two “platforms” Baltimore = Republican (Lincoln) Chicago = Democratic (McClellan) Read each “platform” In your notes, write - 1 main point from the Chicago Platform -2 main points from the Baltimore Platform Do this in your OWN words!

What do you think? Chicago Platform- They want an immediate end to the war. Baltimore Platform- There will be no peace terms given to the South unless they surrender… And… they are in favor of an amendment to the Constitution that will permanently end slavery.

What do you Think? America chose, through the election of Abraham Lincoln, to continue fighting the war.

On your notes… Create a timeline like the one below. 7 marks total 1864 1865

Timeline March 1864- General Grant put in charge of Union forces. July 1864- General William T. Sherman surrounded Atlanta

Timeline November 1864- Lincoln re-elected. Many saw this as a sign to keep fighting. November 1864- Sherman’s March to the Sea. Total War = waging war against society, not just military. (Video)

Timeline April 1865- Grant wins at Petersburg. April 1865- Grant surrounds Richmond and wins. April 1865- Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Court House. (Video)

Confederate Surrender The armies of the Union were able to coordinate successfully with each other and Lee surrendered at Appomattox, Virginia on April 9, 1865. Image courtesy of the National Park Service

Terms of Surrender Read through the “terms of surrender” with your group, answer the questions somewhere on your notes. In a few minutes, we will review these as a class.

Confederate Surrender “With an increasing admiration of your constancy and devotion to your country, and a grateful remembrance of your kind and generous consideration for myself, I bid you all an affectionate farewell” - Robert E. Lee

Confederate Surrender “…not a sound of trumpet more, nor roll of drum; not a cheer, nor word, nor whisper of vain-glorying, nor motion of man standing again at the order, but an awed stillness rather, and breath-holding, as if it were the passing of the dead.” -Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain Discussion: Based on the quote from Lee, quote from Chamberlain, and the Articles of Agreement, how do you think the US forces felt about the Confederate forces at the end of the war?

Johnston Surrenders to Sherman Johnston surrendered to Sherman on April 26, 1865 in the home of James Bennett near Durham, North Carolina.

Rebuilding After the surrender, the difficult task of rebuilding and reunifying the country began. But that’s a story for another day… Image information: Richmond in ruins. Image courtesy of the National Archives