SC.912.L.16.10 Evaluate the impact of biotechnology on the individual, society and the environment, including medical and ethical issues.

Scientists use genetic engineering to produce new, desirable traits in organisms. For example, scientists have developed crops that are resistant to weed killers. Which of the following is a possible risk of using genetic engineering in this way? A. more new diseases B. more harmful insects C. More resilient weeds D. More genetic variation

Cloning Genetic drift Gene regulation Genetic engineering Many people with diabetes must inject the hormone insulin because their bodies cannot make it. Scientists have developed bacteria that produce human insulin. Which process might scientists have used to develop the bacteria? Cloning Genetic drift Gene regulation Genetic engineering

Genetic engineering has been used to improve crop plants, such as corn and rice. When scientists genetically engineer a plant, they insert a foreign gene into the plant. They often link this gene to an antibiotic resistance marker (ARM) gene, which helps determine if the first gene was successfully inserted into the plant. Some scientists argue that this practice is completely safe. Other scientists fear that it will create new strains of diseases that are resistant to antibiotics. Which best describes the ethical issue related to ARMs? Using ARMs in genetically engineered food will harm future generations Using ARMS in genetically engineered food carries a risk of harming people Using ARMS in genetically engineered food will affect profits because people will not want to buy the resulting crops Using ARMS in genetically engineered food is safe because no new strains of disease have occurred so far.

Identify the major parts of the brain on diagrams or models. SC.912.L.14.26 Identify the major parts of the brain on diagrams or models.

The illustration below shows four lobes of the human brain The illustration below shows four lobes of the human brain. Which lobe is designated by label 2? A. temporal B. parietal C. occipital D. frontal

A. brain stem B. cerebellum C. cerebrum D. medulla The human brain is made up of three main structures. Which is the largest part of the brain? A. brain stem B. cerebellum C. cerebrum D. medulla CEREBRUM

In the diagram below, which part is the cerebellum. The brain stem In the diagram below, which part is the cerebellum? The brain stem? The frontal lobe?

Identify the part of the brain labeled with “1”. CEREBRUM

Which of these is NOT an advantage of genetically engineered crop plants? They can contain extra nutrients They can produce their own pesticides They can grow larger than unmodified crops They cannot cause an allergic reaction

SC.912.L.14.36 Describe the factors affecting blood flow through the cardiovascular system.

A. its blood flow is constant through the year. The graph shown above shows how the heart rate of an organism living in the northeastern US changes over time. Which of the following is the best conclusion based on the graph? A. its blood flow is constant through the year. B. Its blood flow increases during colder months. C. Its blood flow increases during warmer months. D. its blood flow is not affected by changes in external temperatures. CORRECT ANSWER IS “C”.

Which of these transport blood from the heart to the rest of the body? Veins Arteries Capillaries Bronchial tubes

Cold weather can cause blood vessels near the surface of our skin to constrict or become narrower. What will happen as a result of the blood vessels constricting? A. Blood flow to these areas will increase. B. Blood flow to these areas will decrease. C. Blood will stop flowing through capillaries in these areas. D. Blood flow to arteries will increase and decrease in veins. CORRECT ANSWER IS ‘B’.

Many factors affect blood flow throughout the body, including stress, exercise, and the buildup of plaque in the blood vessels. Which statement best describes how the buildup of plaque in blood vessels affects the body? It widens blood vessels, causing a decrease in heart rate and depriving issues of the blood they need. It narrows blood vessels, causing a decrease in heart rate and depriving some cells of the nutrients and oxygen they need. It narrows blood vessels, causing the heart to work harder to move enough blood to cells that are in need of nutrients and oxygen. It widens blood vessels, causing the heart to beat rapidly and exert a strong force on the walls of the blood vessels.

A doctor determines that a patient has low blood flow A doctor determines that a patient has low blood flow. Which of the following can reduce the flow of blood through the cardiovascular system? A buildup of plaque inside the blood vessels An increase in heart rate due to exercise A thinning of the blood due to medication A feeling of stress due to danger or excitement

Reduction in heart rate The narrowing of blood vessels Which of the following can interfere with blood flow throughout the body? Moderate exercise Reduction in heart rate The narrowing of blood vessels Normal blood cholesterol levels

SC.912.L.14.52 Explain the basic functions of the human immune system, including specific & nonspecific immune response, vaccines, and antibiotics.

Herd immunity occurs when a high enough percentage of a population becomes protected against a disease so that the disease cannot spread in that population. Which of the following is the best example of herd immunity? A school reduces the number of colds in children by encouraging frequent hand-washing Polio is unknown in the Americas today because most children receive polio vaccines Employees at a company are encouraged to get flu shots to avoid becoming sick and missing work A county sprays trees to kill mosquitoes in order to prevent people from becoming sick after being bitten

The immune system attempts to protect the body from contracting infections through pathogens. When do the specific responses of the immune system start to play a role in combating infections? A. As soon as infectious agents are on the skin. B. When cells secrete mucous. C. After infections agents have entered the digestive tract. D. Once the infectious agents have managed to evade earlier defenses. CORRECT ANSWER IS “D”

The illustration above shows a cell that plays a role in the immune system. What is the role of this cell in the immune system? A. stimulates B cells B. Makes antibodies C. Kills infected cells D. Suppresses an immune response “A”

Many diseases have been nearly eliminated because of widespread vaccination. How do vaccines help the body to resist disease? They alter the shapes of antigens They stimulate the production of antibodies They kill bacteria or prevent them from reproducing They transfer antibodies from one organism to another

Antibiotics can be used to treat some infectious diseases Antibiotics can be used to treat some infectious diseases. Which pathogens cause these diseases? Bacteria Viruses Toxins Fungi

By which process can a person acquire active immunity to a disease? Healthy eating Treatment with antibiotics Vaccination Following hygienic procedures

SC.912.L.16.13 Describe the basic anatomy & physiology of the human reproductive system. Describe the process of human development from fertilization to birth and major changes that occur in each trimester of pregnancy.

Pregnancy is divided into periods called trimesters Pregnancy is divided into periods called trimesters. Which of the following occurs during the second trimester of pregnancy? The blastula forms The fetus begins to move The major organs begin to develop The fetus has regular breathing motions

During a pregnancy, membranes form around the developing embryo During a pregnancy, membranes form around the developing embryo. Which statements describes the job of the amniotic sac? A. Removes waste from the fetus. B. Provides oxygen and nutrients to the fetus. C. Protects, cushions and insulates the fetus. D. Assists in the joining of cells to form an embryo. “C”

The main function of the male reproductive system is to produce and deliver sperm for fertilization. Which of the following gives the path of sperm cells through the male reproductive system? testicle, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra Epididymis, testicle, vas deferens, urethra Testicle, epididymis, urethra, vas deferens Testicle, vas deferens, epididymis, urethra

Eggs are the female reproductive cells Eggs are the female reproductive cells. Where in the body are egg cells stored? Cervix Uterus Ovaries Fallopian tubes

Before a woman gives birth to a baby, a fertilized egg must undergo a series of changes. Which of the following lists the proper sequence of development, from earliest to most latest? A. Zygote-fetus-blastocyst-embryo B. Zygote-blastocyst-embryo-fetus C. blastocyst-zygote-embryo-fetus D. Blastocyst-zygote-fetus-embryo “B”

Ovary Uterus Vagina Fallopian tube A female egg undergoes several stages before it is successfully implanted. In which structure of the female human reproductive system is the egg fertilized by a sperm? Ovary Uterus Vagina Fallopian tube

A fertilized egg undergoes several stages before it is successfully implanted. The diagram below shows these stages as the fertilized egg travels through the female human reproductive system. In which of the following structures of the female human reproductive system is the blastocyst implanted during normal human development? A. ovary B. uterus C. vagina D. amniotic sac

Which structure of the male reproductive system produces sperm? Ovaries Testicles Scrotum Penis