Warm Up – April 20 Grab the handouts and answer the following questions on a post it: 1. What were the MAIN causes of World War I? 2. What did Germany agree to when signing the Treaty of Versailles? 3. How did the Great Depression lead to the rise of Hitler? 4. What did Hitler learn from the failed Beer Hall Putsch? 5. What were the Nuremburg Laws? What are two examples the laws? 6. How was Kristallnacht the first step towards Hitler’s Final Solution and creation of the Master Race?

Rise of Fascism Reading Answer the following questions on the same post it as the warm up: 1. What kind of leaders emerged during the Great Depression? What did these leaders support? 2. What countries did Fascism emerge in? 3. What 8 things are fascist states characterized by? 4. What problems existed in Italy following WW1? What individual took advantage of these problems to take power? What did he pledge to solve? 5. Once Fascists took power in Italy, what did they put an end to? 6. What did Hitler promise people in Germany during the Great Depression? What did he say about Germans? 7. What did Hitler’s one party government do to civil rights? To enemies? To Businesses? 8. Who did Hitler use as a scapegoat for Germany’s problems? What did he do because of this? 9. Why were many Germans pleased in Germany?

Unit 8: Great Depression and world war II The Causes of World War II

Causes of World War II Underlying Causes of World War II Nationalism (Review from WWI): Extreme pride in one’s nationality or country Imperialism (Review from WWI): Taking of land/property Militarism (Review from WWI): Building weapons or a strong military

Causes of World War II Underlying Causes of World War II Fascism: a political philosophy, movement, or regime that exalts nation and often race above the individual and that stands for a centralized autocratic government headed by a dictorial leader, severe economic and social regimentation, and forcible suppression of opposition

Causes of World War II Totalitarian Dictatorships: Leaders who control all aspects of society Each dictator took advantage of economic problems by: Promising simple solutions to their nation’s problems Rebuilding national pride (often using propaganda) Providing scapegoats (targets for anger & blame) Absorbing power, taking away individual rights, and crushing opposition (1 party; 1 ruler)

Adolf Hitler in Germany

Causes of World War II Fascist Germany Dictator: Adolf Hitler (Der Fuhrer or The leader) Nazism is German Fascism Goals: Nationalism: Wanted to rebuild Germany Preached Vengeance against (4 hates) Democracies (a weak & undisciplined form of gov’t) Communism (a threat to Nazi growth) November Criminals who signed the WWI Armistice Jews (the source of all evil & problems in Germany)

Causes of World War II Fascist Germany Imperialism: A desire to unite all people of German ancestry (Blood & language) “Lebensraum” (a desire for more living space) needed to build his empire he called The Third Reich Militarism: 1. Defied the Treaty of Versailles & rebuild the army 2. Created the “Nazi War Machine” 3. Built #1 military in the world

Benito Mussolini of Italy

Causes of World War II Fascist Italy Dictator: Benito Mussolini (Il Duce = The Leader) Goals: Nationalism: Wished to rebuild the ancient Holy Roman Empire Imperialism: Felt betrayed by the Allies at the Treaty of Versailles Conference due to a promise of land for joining the Allies that was not kept Wanted to control lands around the Mediterranean Sea; “Mare Nostrum” = Our Sea Militarism: Formed the Rome-Berlin Axis (alliance) with Germany in 1936

Causes of World War II Japan Dictators: Hideki Tojo: Military Leader & Prime Minister Emperor Hirohito: Political & Spiritual figurehead Goals Nationalism: Japan wanted to be #1 in Asia Goal: Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere: name for power in Asia Imperialism: To be #1 in Asia, they needed oil and raw materials Wanted China’s land (and others) to obtain oil and raw materials Militarism: Built up the strongest military regime in Asia Soldier’s motto: “Death before Dishonor”

Causes of World War II Others Spain: Franco’s fascists won the Spanish Civil War Soviet Union: Joseph Stalin took control of the communist nation Germany, Italy, & Japan became known as the Axis Powers once the war began.

Causes of World War II Poor Decisions were made by the powerful democracies France & Great Britain adopted a policy of appeasement The League of Nations would prove ineffective; lacked a military U.S.: Isolationism & Depression kept our focus on U.S. concerns; once aggression began we claimed to be neutral

Causes of World War II Equation: Nationalism + Imperialism + Militarism = Aggression Extreme Aggression = War!

TOD – April 20 Answer the following questions on the same post it as the warm up: 1. What is a totalitarian dictatorship? 2. What four groups did Hitler seek vengeance against? 3. What did Hitler want for all German speaking people? 4. What did Mussolini want to rebuild Italy into? 5. What is the name of the strategy used by France and Britain in response to the aggression of Hitler?