Support to and Capitalization on the EU Land Governance Programme Session on: Assessing Capacities to Improve Governance of Tenure 5th Capitalization Meeting 30 May - 01 June 2017 | Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Objectives: At the end of this session, and in the context of governance of land tenure, you will be to: Articulate the three dimensions of capacity development (CD) Explain the rationale for capacity assessment (CA) Describe the capacity assessment process Plan a CA using the CA template Describe capacity development modalities applicable to each CD dimension

CD Dimensions and CA Areas

What is capacity development?

The Three Dimensions of CD Technical capacity in the broad areas of food and agriculture Functional capacities to enable country actors to plan, manage and sustain change. Capacity: "the ability of people, organizations and society as a whole to manage their affairs successfully”. Capacity development: “the process of unleashing, strengthening and maintaining of such capacity". (OECD DAC ) Not a one-off exercise: it implies supporting a process of learning and change and hence takes time. High engagement with national actors to support their ownership and leadership.

The Three Dimensions of CD … in the context of governance of land tenure What technical capacities? What functional capacities? What enabling environment? Which organizations? Which individuals?

CA: what capacity areas? Individual dimension areas: Knowledge Competencies Attitudes and behaviors Values Organizational dimension areas: linked to the functioning and performance of organizations, including the: Mandates Systems Internal processes Organizational priorities Motivation and financial/non financial incentives Collaboration and KS mechanisms Infrastructures and equipment Enabling environment areas: the context in which individuals and organizations work, including: the institutional set-up of a country implicit and explicit rules power structures legal, policy and political environment

Question & Answer

Capacity Assessment & Tools

CA Why Assess? CA needed to target intervention strategically (starting from existing capacities and targetting the real issues of capacity) Capacity Development support Existing capacities CA

Three Basic Tools of CA

Problem Tree Used during the planning phase of the project cycle Helps to identify: the cause-and-effect factors of a problem root causes of a problem capacities that are needed

Problem Tree

Stakeholder Mapping Used during the formulation phase of the project cycle Helps to: understand the stakeholders involved in a given issue identify whose capacities need to be strengthened, who needs to be influenced or involved and who are the potential champions

Stakeholder Mapping: who needs to be involved Stakeholder Mapping: who needs to be involved? Whose capacities need strengthening?    Opposition  On the fence Support Active opponent Passive Opponent Passive supporter Active supporter High Stakeholder Power Low  

Capacity Questionnaire Explores the three dimensions of the country capacity system Questions are formulated around the three dimensions Sample from VGGT CA in South Africa

Co Co Co Co

Partnerships for Context Analysis and Capacity Assessment Problem Tree Capacity Assessment Stakeholder Analysis The assessment will be much stronger, more legitimate and have more validity if nationally driven by local partners. Self-assessments are stronger than externally led assessments. Hence, identifying and establishing partnerships with national champions is essential. The passive importation of techniques, controls, and beliefs, via outside agencies and experts that run around solving everyone else’s problems, may be the very problem of development. Henry Mintzberg (2006)

Partnerships: Key Part of CD Interventions Co-assess Co-learn Co-act Co-design Adapted from Jim Armstrong, Improving International Capacity Development, 2013

Question & Answer

Capacity Assessment Approaches Participatory /Focus Groups Interviews Surveys Document Review

CA in Gulu, Uganda (Participatory)

Capacity Assessment Process

Participatory assessment Define tools Train assessors Participatory assessment Analyze data Validate findings with stakeholders Define actions Assessment by interviews … or other suitable approaches

Planning a Capacity Assessment

CA Planning Template

The Capacity Matrix Dimensions Present capacity state Desired capacity state How to get there (intervention) Sequence Individual Organizational Enabling Environment

Capacity Development Modalities/Activities

CA: what capacity areas? Individual dimension areas: Knowledge Competencies Attitudes and behaviors Values Organizational dimension areas: linked to the functioning and performance of organizations, including the: Mandates Systems Internal processes Organizational priorities Motivation and financial/non financial incentives Collaboration and KS mechanisms Infrastructures and equipment Enabling environment areas: the context in which individuals and organizations work, including: the institutional set-up of a country implicit and explicit rules power structures legal, policy and political environment

In your work (past and present) what capacity development modalities/activities have you implemented for each CD dimension?

INVENTORY OF CD MODALITIES No single CD modality can address a need. There must be a combination of modalities with the appropriate sequencing. Informal networks Twinning arrangements and SSC Review of workflow/business processes Policy dialogue Jobs-swap, secondments Study-visits Knowledge exchange, KS fairs Regional policy workshops Organizational restructuring High-level advocacy Strategic planning support (e.g. drawing action plan, prioritization, goal setting) Integration of training into national courses Blended and learning on-the-job Leadership coaching Creation of multi-stakeholder platforms Review of Organizational Mandate F2F training and TOT, toolkit for facilitators Remember: capacity development goes beyond training !

Conclusion

FAO CD Portal Learning Modules Practical Tools Videos Good Practices Briefs http://www.fao.org/capacity-development/