Id, Ego, Superego Sigmund Freud

-father of psychoanalysis  Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) -Austrian, doctor -father of psychoanalysis One of the first psychologists to study human motivation -Psychiatry vs. Psychology -up until 20th century frontal lobotomies were performed on patients

Nature vs. Nurture Freud-believed that mental illness is a result of nurture, not nature. He asked the question: “What makes people do things?” Answer: MOTIVATION Needs motivate human behavior (food, shelter, clothing…)

Being deprived of a need arouses a feeling called a DRIVE OR DESIRE Being deprived of a need arouses a feeling called a DRIVE OR DESIRE. Animals respond instinctively, humans learn various ways to respond. Human motivation explains the reasons why people behave the way they do. People have DRIVES OR DESIRES in the back of their minds ie: Will to live, will to die Some of these desires cause people to behave irrationally.

The human mind has 3 aspects which influence behaviour: People are born with a certain number of instincts or DRIVES (human instinctive behaviour) The human mind has 3 aspects which influence behaviour: Ego Superego Id

(this part of the mind seeks to bring us pleasure) ID- unconscious part of the mind (this part of the mind seeks to bring us pleasure) -primitive parts of our personality including aggression and sexual drives

EGO-conscious part of the mind (Rational Self) EGO-conscious part of the mind (Rational Self). Decides what action to take for positive means and what to do based on what is believed is the right thing to do. Aware of reality.

acts as our conscience. Reminds us of what we should do. SUPEREGO- unconscious part of the mind that acts as our conscience. Reminds us of what we should do. The ID and the SUPEREGO are in constant conflict. Your DRIVE tells you to do one thing , while SOCIETY tells you to do something else.

Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis, compared the human mind to an iceberg. The tip above the water represents consciousness, and the vast region below the surface symbolizes the unconscious mind. Of Freud’s three basic personality structures—id, ego, and superego—only the id is totally unconscious.

Lord of the Flies is an Allegory Allegory: A story that operates on two levels, the literal and the symbolic.

Jack Jack: Dictator/Anarchy/Desire for Power/Id/ Savagery/ Instinct, Freedom THIS IS PRESENT AT BIRTH.  THE ID OPERATES ACCORDING TO THE PLEASURE PRINCIPLE I.E. IT SEEKS PLEASURE AND AVOIDS PAIN.  IT IS OUR INSTINCT.  IF WE WANT TO DO A PARTICULAR THING WE WILL DO IT.  FOR EXAMPLE, IF WE ARE IN A LESSON AND WE WANT TO GO TO SLEEP, WE GO TO SLEEP.

Piggy: Intelligence/Reason/Intellectual/ Knowledge/Superego THIS IS THE MORAL PART OF THE PERSONALITY; A PRODUCT OF SOCIALIZATION.  THE SUPER EGO IS DIVIDED INTO TWO PARTS; THE EGO-IDEAL AND THE CONSCIENCE.  THE EGO-IDEAL IS THE STANDARDS OF GOOD BEHAVIOR THAT WE ASPIRE TO.  THE CONSCIENCE IS SEEN AS AN "INNER VOICE" THAT TELLS US WHEN WE HAVE DONE SOMETHING WRONG.  THE DEMANDS OF THE ID ('I WANT IT, I WANT IT NOW') AND THE DEMANDS OF THE SUPEREGO ('NO IT'S WRONG') FREQUENTLY CONFLICT.  THE EGO DEALS WITH THIS CONFLICT.

Ralph Ralph: Democracy/Order/Leadership/Civilizing Impulse/ Organized Society/Moral Integrity/Ego--EGO  THE EGO HAS TO DECIDE BETWEEN THE DEMANDS  OF THE ID AND THE SUPEREGO.

Identify the Id, Ego, and Superego On your half sheet of paper, list the three main characters in Lord of the Flies Write what role they have (id, ego, superego) and write one piece of evidence that supports that character filling that specific role

If you don’t resolve this conflict between the ID and the EGO, you may experience unhappiness or mental distress. Thus, in order to understand motivation, you must understand what is in your unconscious memory. This is the basis for PSYCHOANALYSIS.

“Psychoanalysis has as its core the idea that each of us has an unconscious part whose existence, activities and thoughts are hidden behind a mental barrier that we cannot voluntarily remove. Behind this barrier are repressed and psychologically dangerous thoughts that give rise to unconscious conflicts, which in turn, can result in psychological and physical symptoms.” - Plotnik, p. 514

How do you get this out? FREE ASSOCIATION -ink blot pictures, word association (Way of “tricking” you to lull your conscious mind to sleep to bring out the unconscious).

2) HYPNOSIS - Freud was one of the first to use this. This is a way of freeing the unconscious mind or opening up drawers to remember vivid details of the past.

DREAMS Freud believed dreams were your unconscious mind talking to you. Dreams were very symbolic and difficult to analyze. Eg: driving a car (driver) means you feel in control of your life (passenger) –someone else is in control of your life Horses –symbolize freedom

MEDITATION – some Buddhist monks meditate for 15 hours a day!

Bibliography http://users.rcn.com/brill/freudarc.html http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/f/freud.htm http://www.allpsych.com/psychology101/ego.html Introduction to Psychology 4th edition. Rod Plotnik. http://encarta.msn.com/media_461543697/The_Mind_as_an_Iceberg.html http://www.inkblottestwallpaper.com