AP Lang: Vocab 3:2 1 Evasive Adj   Word P.O.S Definition Synonym or Example 1 Evasive Adj Tending or seeing to escape, avoid, or shirk something 2 Extradite V to give up (an alleged fugitive or criminal) to another state or nation at its request 3 Regenerate to re-create especially in a better form or condition. 4 Aphorism N a terse saying embodying a general truth, or astute observation 5 Creosote an oily liquid having a burning taste and a penetrating odor; used mainly as a preservative for wood and as an antiseptic. 6 Primordial pertaining to or existing at or from the very beginning 7 Metamorphose to change the form or nature of; transform. 8 Feminism the doctrine advocating social, political, and all other rights of women equal to those of men. 9 Subservient servile; excessively submissive 10 Marginalize to place in a position of little importance, influence, or power

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Rhetorical Modes: Patterns of Development 8 major patterns Narration Description Process Analysis Exemplification Comparison & Contrast Classification & Division Definition Causal Analysis Author’s Purpose Organize individual paragraphs or sections Organize entire text

Rhetorical Transaction Exigence Rhetorical Situation Audience Purpose Logos Appeals Ethos Pathos Rhetorical Modes Organization/Structure/Form Diction Imagery Syntax Figurative Language Surface Features

Narration Tells story; recounts events; personal Chronological (detail, pov, dialogue) Craft story to support thesis Often used as a way to enter topics Draws a reader in

Description Paints a picture with senses; details Establishes mood/atmosphere Empathy; connection to text

Process Analysis Explains how something works Clear and logical Proper transitions Concise verbs

Causal Analysis Cause leads to an effect Effect that results from a cause Needs logic “Why” in the title

Identify the Modes

Causal Analysis What Causal Analysis Does: Focuses on explanations Shows a connection between a situation and its cause or effect Answers the question: 1) “Why did this happen?” OR 2) “What will this do?” Explanation of CAUSE Prediction of EFFECT

Causal Analysis: When & how to Use Know the difference between necessary, sufficient, and contributory cause Make your purpose clear Be modest in your choice of subject Concentrate on immediate rather than remote cause Don’t be arrogant about cause Use common sense in asserting cause When to use: Trying to explain WHY something happened Trying to predict the likely results if an event does or does not occur Cause Situation Effect

Causal Analysis: When & how to Use Know the difference between necessary, sufficient, and contributory cause Necessary Cause: must be present for the effect to occur But, it alone cannot make the effect occur EX: Irrigation is necessary for a crop of good grapes, but irrigation alone will not cause a good crop. What else is necessary?

Causal Analysis: When & how to Use Know the difference between necessary, sufficient, and contributory cause Sufficient Cause: can produce a given effect by itself. EX: An empty gas tank can keep a car from running even though other problems may be present. List three other “Sufficient” causes: 1. 2. 3.

Causal Analysis: When & how to Use Know the difference between necessary, sufficient, and contributory cause Contibutory Cause: Might produce an effect but cannot produce the effect by itself EX: Vitamin E may help a long distance runner win a race, but cannot by itself determine the performance of a runner who got a bad start, didn’t train well, etc. The runner may also win the race without the help of Vitamin E. List three other “contributory” causes: 1. 2. 3.

Causal Analysis: When & how to Use Know the difference between necessary, sufficient, and contributory cause Few causes are “sufficient”; most are merely necessary or contributory Do not say: “A vegetarian diet will prevent cancer.” Do say: “A vegetarian diet is a contributing factor in preventing cancer.” Qualifying statements: “may be”, “is one of the reasons,” “is a major cause,” “is influenced by,”etc.

Causal Analysis Warm-up Causes List 3 causes for each: Teen Drug use Recent increase in obesity rates Children’s feelings of guilt during a divorce Effects List 3 effects that result from the following: Having one’s car stolen The fear of further terrorist attacks in the US Discovering an infestation of rats in one’s basement

Causal Analysis Assignment 1 (due for Tuesday) Read: “A Peaceful Woman Explains Why She Carries a Gun” (pgs. 522 – 525) Do the Following: List the author’s reasons that she stated for carrying a gun; provide the text example, please. State what type of cause she is using (necessary, sufficient or contributory) and explain your reasoning. Identify and explicitly state her thesis.

“A Peaceful Woman Explains Why She Carries a Gun” Most important words paragraph: Directions: Craft a paragraph that explains the importance of the following words in last night’s assigned reading: 1) Pistol 2) Power 3) Balance 4) Defend 5) Safety

Speed Dating?!

Homework! Complete the AP Language College Board Test on your own by FRIDAY Grade based on a) completion of the test with evidence of annotations b) participation in Friday’s activity

Causal Analysis Assignment 2 (due @ end of hour) Read: “Coming Into Language” (pgs. 527 - 533) Do the Following: The Facts: #2, #4 The Strategies: #1, #3 The Issues: #5 Give 3 examples of this piece being a work of causal analysis…

Define in your own words: 1) Glass ceiling 2) Feminism 3) Status Quo 4) Equality

“The Farce of Feminism” “The New Feminism” Rebecca Rubins (pgs. 561 - 563) “The New Feminism” Kate Gubata (pgs. 557 – 559) Directions: Read each of the articles on feminism written from college students’ p.o.v’s. As you read, list each author’s major points and reasons for supporting or not supporting “feminism”. When finished, give reasons as to how each article falls into the causal analysis mode of organization.

Writing your own Causal Analysis Determine if you will write an explanation of cause, or a prediction of effect Cause: Why _____ is unable to _____. Effect: Doing ______ will ________. Ground Rules! * Thesis must be in the last paragraph * Include an aphorism * Include any previous vocabulary word(s) * Include an inverted sentence * Include at least two examples or anecdotes Final paper: Due on Tuesday, 25 points * No more than 4 paragraphs; no less than 2 * Be sure to use qualifiers, not all inclusive statements * Be aware of necessary, sufficient, and contributory causes! Must label in your final draft!

AP Lang: Vocab 3:2 1 Evasive Adj   Word P.O.S Definition Synonym or Example 1 Evasive Adj Tending or seeing to escape, avoid, or shirk something 2 Extradite V to give up (an alleged fugitive or criminal) to another state or nation at its request 3 Regenerate to re-create especially in a better form or condition. 4 Aphorism N a terse saying embodying a general truth, or astute observation 5 Creosote an oily liquid having a burning taste and a penetrating odor; used mainly as a preservative for wood and as an antiseptic. 6 Primordial pertaining to or existing at or from the very beginning 7 Metamorphose to change the form or nature of; transform. 8 Feminism the doctrine advocating social, political, and all other rights of women equal to those of men. 9 Subservient servile; excessively submissive 10 Marginalize to place in a position of little importance, influence, or power

AP Test Have your completed AP test out Write your assigned # on your test Get with the two other people w/same # Compare answers; if you CHANGE your answer, highlight your new answer Score & Discuss Record Scores for base