Cell Reproduction: Chromosomes, Mitosis, Meiosis

Review

Chromosomes Chromosome Structure Chromatid Centromere Chromatin Chromatid is

Sex Chromosomes Autosomes

Homologous Chromosomes Karyotype

Diploid Haploid

Notice high number of chromosomes in fern compared to humans!

Review Questions Name the proteins that DNA wraps around to form a chromosome in eukaryotic cells. How do the structure and location of a prokaryotic chromosome differ from that of a eukaryotic chromosome? Does chromosome number indicate whether an organism is a plant or animal? Explain.

Review Questions 4. Contrast sex chromosomes with autosomes. 5. Using Table on slide 10, list the haploid and diploid number of chromosomes for each organism.

Organism Diploid # Chromosomes Haploid # Chromosomes Adder’s tongue fern 1262 631 Carrot 18 9 Cat 32 16 Chimpanzee 48 24 Dog 78 39 Earthworm 36 Fruit fly 8 4 Garden pea 20 10 Gorilla Horse 64 Human 46 23 Lettuce Orangutan Sand dollar 52 26

Cell Cycle Interphase Cell division Two phases

Cell Division Prokaryotes Binary fission

Cell Division (cont’d) Eukaryotes Mitosis Cytokinesis

Control of Cell Division

Mitosis Prophase Metaphase = Middle

Anaphase Telophase Animation

Mitosis vs Meiosis Where do they occur? Why does it occur? Mitosis

Mitosis vs Meiosis End result? MEIOSIS MITOSIS 46 46 23 23 46 46 23 23

Meiosis

Meiosis I

Meiosis II

Results of mitosis vs. meiosis

Section 8.3 Development of Gametes

Why is meiosis important?