Towards a marine information system for Europe David Connor European Commission DG Environment Unit C.2 Marine Environment and Water Industry WG DIKE 29-30 September 2014, Brussels

Future perspectives Building towards: Based on: 2018 – second round of MSFD reporting by MS on Art. 8, 9 and 10 (Art. 17) 2019 – Commission’s first evaluation report to the European Parliament and to the Council (Art. 20(1)), in particular Art. 20(3b): the review of the status of the marine environment, undertaken in coordination with the EEA and the relevant regional marine and fisheries organisations and conventions Based on: Revised Decision and Annex III Regional reports, incl. RSC ‘roof reports’ Improved data and assessment methods (e.g. common indicators of RSCs) More focused reporting from MS (incl. via RSCs) to EU level, with specific ‘products’ to demonstrate current environmental status and progress towards GES Use of other reporting (e.g. fish stock assessments under CFP), where possible

Towards a marine information system (MIS) for Europe MIS is focused on MSFD (whole marine environment, pressures and activities – ecosystem-based) and hence on environmental status and achieving GES, including sustainable uses MIS is needed for compliance (Commission) and state of marine environment (EEA) MIS will be a holistic data/information model – but is not a huge database – and identify where data/information are held and accessible MIS will help structure WISE-Marine (as a front-end portal) MIS will build upon data and information from MS/RSC/other reporting (MSFD reports, RSC roof reports, reports to other Directives/Conventions) MIS will need dialogue with MS and RSCs (and others) to define its content and what can be made available (e.g. in Art. 8 assessments) For MS and RSCs, MIS can define data/information products from regional and national assessments – and provide a basis for regional and national information systems

Exceptions (Art. 14) Programme of measures (Art. 13) Prevent deterioration Are any exceptions applicable? Yes No 2015 Are measures sufficient to achieve GES?   Yes 2015/16 To assess effectiveness of measures Achieve and maintain GES Good Environmental Status (Art. 9) 2012 Identify cost-effective measures, in addition to existing measures (including MPAs) 2012 Assessment (Art. 8) Assess current status in relation to definition of GES Define / adapt definition of GES Assess: current environmental status; pressures and impacts; uses and activities; costs of degradation Environmental targets (Art. 10) Identify targets to improve and maintain environmental status 2014 2012 Monitoring programmes (Art. 11) To assess environmental status and distance to GES To assess progress with targets 1. MSFD implementation is under-pinned by information - reported for compliance checking (Commission) and state of the environment (EEA) needs – WISE-Marine

2. Information at each stage needs to link to other parts of MS marine strategies and in WISE-Marine Exceptions (Art. 14) Good Environmental Status (Art. 9) Assessment (Art. 8) Programme of measures (Art. 13) Competent Authorities (Art. 7) Monitoring programmes (Art. 11) Environmental targets (Art. 10)

International Conventions 3. Need to avoid double reporting, drawing upon reporting under other policies MSFD WFD BWD Habitats Birds CFP EQSD Nitrates UWWTD International Conventions Integration across policies

Integration between MS, RSCs & EU 4. RSCs becoming a key player in regional reports for MSFD Integration between MS, RSCs & EU Contracting Parties Regional Sea Conventions Convention obligations Similar objectives Similar data European Commission/ European Environment Agency Member States EU Directives RSCs

EU/EEA data & information National marine strategies 5. Complimentary integrated data and information to meet needs at each level – MS implementation, RSC objectives, EU compliance, EEA state of environment EU/EEA data & information RSC roof reports Finland Estonia Latvia Lithuania Poland Sweden Denmak Germany Netherlands Belgium UK Ireland Portugal France Spain Italy Mallta Slovenia Croatia Greece Cyprus Bulgaria Romania National marine strategies

Draft MSFD regions map 28 May 2014 6. Information linked to relevant geographic scales North East Atlantic Ocean region Baltic Sea region A. MSFD regions and subregions – GES determination, coherence, largest reporting scale Black Sea region Draft MSFD regions map 28 May 2014 Mediterranean Sea region

B. MS marine waters – jurisdictional and administrative areas Water column + seabed Seabed only (continental shelf areas)

C. Assessment and reporting areas (Art. 8) –> needs development: HELCOM nested system is a good model

Member State Regional Sea Conventions Synthesize, summarise Good Environmental Status (Art. 9) Member State 7. Information and data needs to be synthisized for use at higher levels Assessment (Art. 8) Regional Sea Conventions European Commission European Environment Agency Environmental targets (Art. 10) Monitoring programmes (Art. 11) Programme of measures (Art. 13) Exceptions (Art. 14) Synthesize, summarise Competent Authorities (Art. 7) Push systems Pull systems - INSPIRE

8. How to organise the information Human Activities Pressures State of Environment Ecosystem Services Socio-economic Drivers economic Socio- benefits 8. How to organise the information Art. 8(1c) CIS RSCs MS -CAs Management (Policies & Governance) Measures Monitoring Art. 8(1b) Framework for information system Art. 8(1a) Ecosystem Art. 8(1c) Art. 13+14 Environmental impacts service Art. 11 benefits

Good Environmental Status (Art. 9) Assessment (Art. 8) Environmental targets (Art. 10) 2. Information at each stage needs to link to other parts of MS marine strategies and in WISE-Marine Monitoring programmes (Art. 11) Programme of measures (Art. 13) Exceptions (Art. 14) Competent Authorities (Art. 7)

Impacts on ecosystem services and natural capital Main topic areas Table 2 : overview of possible information units (level 3) DPSIR element Drivers (Activities) Pressures State of marine ecosystem Impacts on ecosystem services and natural capital Responses (Measures) Information Units Land based activities Extraction of living resources Production of living resources Extraction of non-living resources Transport and ship building Man made structures Tourism Energy production Non-indigenous species Nutrient pollution/ Eutrophication Hazardous substance pollution   Marine litter Noise Physical damage Extraction of species Ecosystems Habitat type Species and functional groups (from MSFD reporting guidance) Commercial fish stocks Ecosystem services Socio economic statistics Marine Protected Areas Sector-specific measures Marine Spatial Planning More examples from PoM guidance

Outline information needs for EC/EEA B C D E F G H I Annex III Art. 3(1), Art. 4 Art. 9 Art. 19(3) Art. 8 (assessment against GES) Art. 10 Art. 8 (assessment against targets) Art. 13 What is being assessed? Which area is being assessed? What is the policy objective? (GES for MSFD) Assessment of pressure & its impacts Assessment of state, including impacts Current status? (in relation to GES) Targets to achieve GES Progress with target What is preventing target (& GES)? Actions needed

A B C Outline information needs for EC/EEA Pressure: Nutrient enrichment B C Art. 3(1), Art. 4 Which area is being assessed? Region/ Subregion MS Subdivision/ assessment area Baltic Finland Gulf of Bothnia Art. 9 What is the policy objective? (GES for MSFD) 1. Policy objective 2. Descriptor Art. 9(3) GES Decision 3. Criterion 4. Indicator Art. 9(1) 5. Regional/ MS MSFD Art. 3.5 definition Annex I: D5 Eutrophication Decision: 5.1 5.1.1 Core Indicator: N levels in sea Core Indicator: P levels in sea Decision: 5.2 5.2.1 Core Indicator: Chl-a levels 5.2.2 Core Indicator: Secchi levels Decision: 5.3 5.3.2 Core Indicator: O2 levels

D E C Outline information needs for EC/EEA Art. 19(3) Art. 8 (assessment against GES) Assessment of pressure & its impacts Assessment of state, including impacts Current status? (in relation to GES) Art. 11 Dataset Matrix/ element Output Status - criterion/ indicator Trend Status - overall Data from monitoring Distribution/ intensity map (model) Water - N % of assessment area affected Below GES Stable Water - P Improving Elements affected: Coastal water, offshore water % of assessment area affected (below threshold value) Declining As above C Art. 9(1) 5. Regional/ MS Core Indicator: N levels in sea Core Indicator: P levels in sea Core Indicator: Chl-a levels Core Indicator: Secchi levels Core Indicator: O2 levels Pressure: Nutrient enrichment

F G H I Outline information needs for EC/EEA Art. 10 Art. 19(3) Art. 8 (assessment against targets) Targets to achieve GES Progress with target What is preventing target (& GES)? Target Indicator Art. 11 Dataset Matrix/ element Output Target met? Activity Reduce N by X% or to Z levels (MAI/ CART) Riverine input levels Data from monitoring Dataset for riverine discharges Land sources - N Input load tonnes/ year Yes Agriculture Urban developments airborne input levels Data set for air inputs (modelled) Air sources - N No Industrial developments Transport (shipping) Reduce P by Y etc. As above Urban (detergents) See pressure targets State/impact targets can be set according to Art. 10 - but are in effect expressions of GES, so may not add anything unless interim values are set.   Art. 13 Actions needed Measure Source Detail 1 Detail 2 Reduce fertilizer use CAP blah blah Waste water treatment UWWTD Industrial emission controls Air pollution directive Shipping emissions MSFD (NECA) Domestic products (detergents) MSFD Pressure: Nutrient enrichment

Summary Accommodate MSFD needs (compliance, SoE) DPSIR framework Developing marine information system to accommodate all elements of MSFD process Make effective use of information from RSCs and other policies (Directives, CFP etc) Start to define key information needed at EU level, what should sit at regional and national level