Protein Synthesis

You should be able to describe Generally, how a protein is made from DNA The process of transcription The process of translation How the DNA codes for RNA and how RNA codes for amino acids

How does DNA express the phenotypes it codes for? Proteins Ex. OCA2 gene codes for a protein that helps transport melanin within the melanocytes (cells that produce melanin)

How does it do this?

Transcription Going from DNA to mRNA -DNA serves as a template to the new mRNA strand - RNA has the same base pairs as DNA except instead of Thymine it has Uricil

Now you try! DNA strand – ACCGTACCTGGA RNA strand – UGGCAUGGACCU One more try DNA strand – TCCGGAATCGGTA RNA strand – AGGCCUUAGCCAU

Translation Going from RNA language to amino acid language Amino acids are what makes up __________? ?

Translation Going from RNA language to amino acid language Amino acids are what makes up Proteins!

Proteins do the work of the cell which makes a phenotypic effect. Examples Proteins can bind to DNA to start DNA replication, therefore making more cells for growth Protein such as insulin, makes glucogon when blood sugar gets too high

Cracking the code

A closer look at transcription

A closer look at translation First, take a look at tRNA , rRNA, and mRNA

Translation

Termination of translation

Now you try!!

Note the differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes Eukaryotic Transcription Transcription initiation complex

Note the differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes Eukaryotes - After Transcription RNA processing

Note the differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Animation

You should be able to describe Generally, how a protein is made from DNA The process of transcription The process of translation How the DNA codes for RNA and how RNA codes for amino acids